{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035791119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","title":"An Improved BKW Algorithm For LWE With Binary Uniform Errors","display_name":"An Improved BKW Algorithm For LWE With Binary Uniform Errors","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035791119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","mag":"3035791119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498617","display_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066593920","display_name":"Qian Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9823-8169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xi Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006115354","display_name":"Jiufen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-347X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiufen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763293","display_name":"Chunxiang Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3860-1939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxiang Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102225561","display_name":"Yonghui Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066593920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1103,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36950044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"87","last_page":"92"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-with-errors","display_name":"Learning with errors","score":0.8479670286178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6658477783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6625766754150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.6477141976356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5117018222808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5114840269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5095808506011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uniform-distribution","display_name":"Uniform distribution (continuous)","score":0.418349951505661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4125978946685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.13118582963943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10420253872871399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779014939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510239","display_name":"Learning with errors","level":3,"score":0.8479670286178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6658477783203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6625766754150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.6477141976356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5117018222808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5114840269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5095808506011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108882938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274506","display_name":"Uniform distribution (continuous)","level":2,"score":0.418349951505661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4125978946685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.13118582963943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10420253872871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498617","display_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39036742","https://openalex.org/W74973629","https://openalex.org/W104209573","https://openalex.org/W155540543","https://openalex.org/W157865340","https://openalex.org/W169673693","https://openalex.org/W1499766499","https://openalex.org/W1504529269","https://openalex.org/W1760474993","https://openalex.org/W1983370494","https://openalex.org/W2038761522","https://openalex.org/W2058785578","https://openalex.org/W2065151783","https://openalex.org/W2089477764","https://openalex.org/W2106970188","https://openalex.org/W2113333997","https://openalex.org/W2122973102","https://openalex.org/W2123314859","https://openalex.org/W2150624282","https://openalex.org/W2162903136","https://openalex.org/W2177209050","https://openalex.org/W2600300878","https://openalex.org/W3028755775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4300994926","https://openalex.org/W4214920459","https://openalex.org/W4312061170","https://openalex.org/W2953258282","https://openalex.org/W2550942574","https://openalex.org/W2315723423","https://openalex.org/W2397608281","https://openalex.org/W4387895128","https://openalex.org/W2401071017","https://openalex.org/W2168002876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Learning":[1],"with":[2,36,64],"Errors":[3],"(LWE)":[4],"Problem":[5],"has":[6,48,57],"received":[7],"much":[8],"attention":[9],"since":[10],"its":[11],"introduction":[12],"and":[13,68,99],"been":[14,58],"widely":[15],"used":[16],"in":[17,45,79],"cryptography.":[18],"However":[19],"the":[20,33,61,72,75,80,90,97],"error":[21],"sampled":[22],"from":[23,39],"Gaussian":[24],"distribution":[25,41],"affects":[26],"efficiency":[27],"of":[28,71,74,93],"application":[29],"based":[30,95],"on":[31,96],"LWE,":[32],"LWE":[34,62],"variants":[35],"errors":[37],"taken":[38],"uniform":[40,66],"came":[42],"into":[43],"being":[44],"2013,":[46],"which":[47],"an":[49],"asymptotic":[50],"complexity":[51,73],"analysis.":[52],"An":[53],"improved":[54],"BKW":[55],"algorithm":[56,76],"proposed":[59],"to":[60],"problem":[63],"binary":[65],"errors,":[67],"a":[69,83,104],"study":[70],"is":[77],"given":[78],"paper.":[81],"As":[82],"result,":[84],"new":[85],"bounds":[86],"are":[87],"provided":[88],"for":[89,102],"concrete":[91],"hardness":[92],"cryptography":[94],"variant,":[98],"parameter":[100],"choices":[101],"quiet":[103],"few":[105],"important":[106],"algorithm.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
