{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082735202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","title":"The VIRTUS Middleware: An XMPP Based Architecture for Secure IoT Communications","display_name":"The VIRTUS Middleware: An XMPP Based Architecture for Secure IoT Communications","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082735202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","mag":"2082735202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 21st International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054509307","display_name":"Davide Conzon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-8702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Conzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028724652","display_name":"Thomas Bolognesi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-2244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Bolognesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090977337","display_name":"Paolo Brizzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Brizzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008828908","display_name":"Antonio Lotito","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Lotito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074133898","display_name":"Riccardo Tomasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-3834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Tomasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017526983","display_name":"Maurizio A. Spirito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-1777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio A. Spirito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ist. Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8040257096290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.751846432685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6762341260910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.6670273542404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5584768056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5389094948768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4749610424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.46369707584381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.41492223739624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40614137053489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.33312684297561646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3087203800678253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.17645862698554993}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8040257096290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.751846432685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6762341260910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.6670273542404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5584768056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5389094948768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4749610424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.46369707584381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.41492223739624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40614137053489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.33312684297561646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3087203800678253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.17645862698554993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2012.6289309","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 21st International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34521304","https://openalex.org/W40509694","https://openalex.org/W1527456045","https://openalex.org/W1733713784","https://openalex.org/W1989859084","https://openalex.org/W2034499822","https://openalex.org/W2104474703","https://openalex.org/W2116269350","https://openalex.org/W2122103279","https://openalex.org/W2139316891","https://openalex.org/W2143591442","https://openalex.org/W2152206545","https://openalex.org/W2258757581","https://openalex.org/W2263617848","https://openalex.org/W2296263254","https://openalex.org/W2512124486","https://openalex.org/W3211513184","https://openalex.org/W4299860144","https://openalex.org/W4302766809","https://openalex.org/W6601621358","https://openalex.org/W6631718144"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1864755515","https://openalex.org/W2955825640","https://openalex.org/W2289378658","https://openalex.org/W1531360494","https://openalex.org/W2093529019","https://openalex.org/W1982325601","https://openalex.org/W4240432851","https://openalex.org/W154233216","https://openalex.org/W2626486901","https://openalex.org/W1988007309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Before":[0],"a":[1,36,140,180],"wider":[2],"adoption":[3],"of":[4,7,42,53,64,73,106,171,176,188],"the":[5,49,59,78,94,101,104,107,115,130,137,165,174],"Internet":[6],"Things":[8],"(IoT)":[9],"vision":[10],"occurs,":[11],"many":[12],"urgent":[13],"technological":[14],"and":[15,30,75,96,103,142,156,195],"social":[16],"challenging":[17],"issues":[18,98],"still":[19],"need":[20],"to":[21,48,69,119,167],"be":[22,87],"addressed,":[23],"including":[24],"device":[25],"interoperability,":[26],"systems":[27],"autonomy,":[28],"privacy":[29],"security":[31,97,132,199],"concerns,":[32],"which":[33],"could":[34],"have":[35,99],"significant":[37],"impact":[38],"on":[39,114],"several":[40],"aspects":[41],"everyday-life":[43],"or":[44],"potential":[45],"end-user.":[46],"Due":[47],"very":[50],"large":[51],"number":[52],"technologies":[54],"normally":[55],"in":[56],"place":[57],"within":[58,77,125,179],"IoT":[60,111,127],"paradigm,":[61],"some":[62],"type":[63],"middleware":[65,112,138],"layer":[66],"is":[67],"employed":[68],"enforce":[70],"seamless":[71],"integration":[72],"devices":[74],"data":[76,85,177],"same":[79],"information":[80],"network.":[81,182],"Within":[82],"such":[83],"middleware,":[84],"must":[86],"exchanged":[88],"respecting":[89],"strict":[90],"protection":[91],"constraints.":[92],"Both":[93],"networking":[95],"driven":[100,123],"design":[102],"development":[105],"VIRTUS":[108],"Middleware,":[109],"an":[110,126,169,186,191],"relying":[113],"open":[116],"XMPP":[117],"protocol":[118],"provide":[120],"secure":[121,143],"event-":[122],"communications":[124],"scenario.":[128],"Leveraging":[129],"standard":[131],"features":[133],"provided":[134],"by":[135],"XMPP,":[136],"offers":[139],"reliable":[141],"communication":[144],"channel":[145],"for":[146],"distributed":[147],"applications,":[148],"protected":[149],"with":[150],"both":[151],"authentication":[152],"(through":[153],"TLS":[154],"protocol)":[155,159],"encryption":[157],"(SASL":[158],"mechanisms.":[160],"The":[161],"proposed":[162],"architecture":[163],"provides":[164],"possibility":[166],"isolate":[168],"instance":[170],"VIRTUS,":[172,189],"allowing":[173],"exchange":[175],"only":[178],"private":[181],"This":[183],"paper":[184],"presents":[185],"overview":[187],"providing":[190],"overall":[192],"platform":[193],"description":[194],"details":[196],"regarding":[197],"its":[198],"features.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}