{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111227806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","title":"Adaptive Probabilistic Epidemic Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in an Urban Environment","display_name":"Adaptive Probabilistic Epidemic Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in an Urban Environment","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111227806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","mag":"2111227806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084534325","display_name":"Siok Kheng Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siok Kheng Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, UK","University of Bristol, #N#Bristol"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol, #N#Bristol","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108500685","display_name":"Alistair Munro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alistair Munro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, UK","University of Bristol, #N#Bristol"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol, #N#Bristol","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3369,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67401453,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7420027852058411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7102732062339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7058084011077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6817485094070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flooding","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","score":0.6383281350135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6214073896408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5116086602210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.46422597765922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.45371732115745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.43121716380119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4230071008205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33991944789886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.33820435404777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.32010751962661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10215315222740173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7420027852058411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7102732062339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7058084011077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6817485094070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6383281350135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6214073896408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5116086602210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.46422597765922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.45371732115745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.43121716380119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4230071008205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33991944789886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.33820435404777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.32010751962661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10215315222740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2007.4317966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/fc08941a-c497-4076-a607-aae592c6ea59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/fc08941a-c497-4076-a607-aae592c6ea59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Tan, SK & Munro, ATD 2007, Adaptive probabilistic epidemic protocol for wireless sensor networks in an urban environment. in 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, Honolulu. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), pp. 1109 - 1114. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2007.4317966","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320360","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513478597","https://openalex.org/W1572481965","https://openalex.org/W1876910374","https://openalex.org/W1965396227","https://openalex.org/W2010634640","https://openalex.org/W2038562061","https://openalex.org/W2067040941","https://openalex.org/W2099574482","https://openalex.org/W2100468043","https://openalex.org/W2116512934","https://openalex.org/W2123266551","https://openalex.org/W2136734438","https://openalex.org/W2142822310","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2146400257","https://openalex.org/W2157457404","https://openalex.org/W2167627514","https://openalex.org/W4233224234","https://openalex.org/W4301359260","https://openalex.org/W6634082847","https://openalex.org/W6678319617"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086397253","https://openalex.org/W2133122801","https://openalex.org/W2386325437","https://openalex.org/W2353043494","https://openalex.org/W600422426","https://openalex.org/W2007156430","https://openalex.org/W2170882281","https://openalex.org/W3081478936","https://openalex.org/W2352220317","https://openalex.org/W2935886589"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,121,188],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,161,185],"consider":[4],"the":[5,60,71,81,103,106,117,134,152,171,177,191,194,205],"use":[6],"of":[7,33,36,62,66,80,105,120,193,198],"multi-level":[8],"wireless":[9],"sensor":[10,67,72],"networks":[11],"(WSN)":[12],"in":[13,27,77,97,170,196,210],"an":[14,163],"urban":[15,153,172],"environment":[16,154,173],"for":[17,151,155,168],"scenarios":[18],"such":[19,124],"as":[20,125,133],"disaster":[21],"recovery":[22],"or":[23],"a":[24,28,49,98,144],"military":[25],"mission":[26],"battlefield.":[29],"The":[30,83],"quick":[31],"deployment":[32],"WSN,":[34],"comprised":[35],"ground":[37],"sensors":[38],"and":[39,64,90,109,129],"unmanned":[40],"air":[41],"vehicles":[42],"(UAVs)":[43],"flying":[44],"above":[45],"building":[46],"height,":[47],"enables":[48],"new":[50],"communication":[51,96],"network":[52,100,107,178],"to":[53,59,116,176,204],"be":[54],"formed":[55],"instantly.":[56],"However,":[57,114],"due":[58,115],"obstruction":[61],"buildings":[63],"movement":[65],"nodes,":[68],"communications":[69],"among":[70],"nodes":[73,108],"is":[74],"intermittent":[75],"resulting":[76],"frequent":[78],"partitioning":[79],"network.":[82],"epidemic":[84,166,211],"routing":[85],"protocol,":[86,122],"with":[87],"its":[88],"simple":[89],"robust":[91],"flooding":[92],"nature":[93,119],"has":[94],"made":[95],"partitioned":[99],"possible,":[101],"exploiting":[102],"mobility":[104],"based":[110],"on":[111],"pair-wise":[112],"communication.":[113],"broadcast":[118,135],"problems":[123],"redundancy":[126],"rebroadcast,":[127],"contention":[128],"collisions,":[130],"collectively":[131],"known":[132],"storm":[136],"problem,":[137],"have":[138],"been":[139],"observed.":[140],"We":[141],"first":[142],"recommend":[143],"more":[145,156],"detailed":[146],"radio":[147],"propagation":[148],"modelling":[149],"approach":[150],"realistic":[157],"simulation":[158,183],"studies.":[159],"Further,":[160],"propose":[162],"adaptive":[164],"probabilistic":[165,208],"protocol":[167,189],"WSN":[169,195],"that":[174,187],"adapts":[175],"topology":[179],"over":[180],"time.":[181],"Through":[182],"studies,":[184],"show":[186],"improves":[190],"performance":[192],"terms":[197],"data":[199],"packet":[200],"delivery":[201],"probability":[202],"compared":[203],"case":[206],"without":[207],"transmission":[209],"protocol.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}