{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2539022657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","title":"Energy-spectral efficiency tradeoff of visible light communication systems","display_name":"Energy-spectral efficiency tradeoff of visible light communication systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2539022657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","mag":"2539022657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069858286","display_name":"Enqing Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729019","display_name":"Wensheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8742-8736"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023217026","display_name":"Jian Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-1930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China","State Key Lab. of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779393","display_name":"Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies, Shandong Unviersity, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057308968","display_name":"Xiaohu Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-5241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhuan, Hubei"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhuan, Hubei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069858286"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7351,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7547806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.878812313079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5565066933631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5471105575561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5345503687858582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5240868926048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.5238816142082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5217874050140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.504330039024353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.48972395062446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4860692322254181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-power","display_name":"Optical power","score":0.4768218398094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.47092050313949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-distortion","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","score":0.4682043194770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43090584874153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.43029066920280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4195294976234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.4156278371810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.398776113986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32546883821487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30460619926452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2352377474308014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.23195144534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.15935751795768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15279555320739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.10080841183662415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.878812313079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5565066933631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5471105575561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5345503687858582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5240868926048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.5238816142082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5217874050140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.504330039024353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.48972395062446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4860692322254181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.4768218398094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.47092050313949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173413354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049470","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","level":4,"score":0.4682043194770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43090584874153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.43029066920280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4195294976234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.4156278371810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.398776113986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32546883821487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30460619926452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2352377474308014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.23195144534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.15935751795768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15279555320739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.10080841183662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccchina.2016.7636850","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7393654221","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L020009/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528121109","https://openalex.org/W1561525773","https://openalex.org/W1976889369","https://openalex.org/W1983174333","https://openalex.org/W2000718886","https://openalex.org/W2014229324","https://openalex.org/W2034410220","https://openalex.org/W2052480004","https://openalex.org/W2054312487","https://openalex.org/W2055880298","https://openalex.org/W2061597183","https://openalex.org/W2064288282","https://openalex.org/W2075774919","https://openalex.org/W2102050507","https://openalex.org/W2109430601","https://openalex.org/W2119952207","https://openalex.org/W2120292867","https://openalex.org/W2120537910","https://openalex.org/W2151764418","https://openalex.org/W2152567496","https://openalex.org/W2157550240","https://openalex.org/W2316093644","https://openalex.org/W2336546580","https://openalex.org/W2964265917","https://openalex.org/W6633604597","https://openalex.org/W6699398188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592894164","https://openalex.org/W2039798909","https://openalex.org/W3009734089","https://openalex.org/W4211208704","https://openalex.org/W2064392160","https://openalex.org/W4386293784","https://openalex.org/W2241220104","https://openalex.org/W3081944688","https://openalex.org/W4211247333","https://openalex.org/W2263043475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,106],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5],"new":[6],"definition":[7],"of":[8,37,57,87,150],"the":[9,23,26,34,38,44,52,63,83,95,108,111,122,128,136,140,148,151],"energy":[10],"efficiency":[11,30],"(EE)":[12],"for":[13],"indoor":[14],"visible":[15],"light":[16],"communication":[17,42,54],"(VLC)":[18],"systems":[19,50],"and":[20,28,72,98,114,139,153],"further":[21],"investigate":[22],"tradeoff":[24,97],"between":[25,110],"EE":[27,39,47,152],"spectral":[29],"(SE).":[31],"Different":[32],"from":[33],"conventional":[35],"concept":[36],"in":[40,48,75,94],"wireless":[41],"systems,":[43],"newly":[45],"defined":[46],"VLC":[49],"utilizes":[51],"optical":[53,76,115],"power":[55,60,113,116],"instead":[56],"radio":[58],"frequency":[59],"to":[61],"evaluate":[62],"consumed":[64],"energy.":[65],"Some":[66],"key":[67],"parameters":[68,138],"(e.g.,":[69],"horizontal":[70],"distance":[71],"vertical":[73],"distance)":[74],"transmission":[77],"circumstances":[78],"are":[79],"included":[80],"when":[81],"calculating":[82],"SE.":[84,154],"The":[85],"nonlinearity":[86,100],"light-emitting":[88],"diode":[89],"(LED)":[90],"is":[91,133],"also":[92],"considered":[93],"EE-SE":[96,130],"such":[99],"can":[101,117,145],"be":[102,118],"eliminated":[103],"by":[104],"pre-distortion.":[105],"particular,":[107],"relation":[109],"electrical":[112],"derived":[119],"based":[120],"on":[121],"LED":[123,141],"nonlinearity.":[124],"Numerical":[125],"results":[126],"verify":[127],"presented":[129],"tradeoff.":[131],"It":[132],"shown":[134],"that":[135],"geometric":[137],"turn-on":[142],"voltage":[143],"(TOV)":[144],"significantly":[146],"affect":[147],"relationship":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
