{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212914448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","title":"Satellite-Guided Non-uniformed Beamforming for Direct Air-to-Ground Communications","display_name":"Satellite-Guided Non-uniformed Beamforming for Direct Air-to-Ground Communications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212914448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","mag":"3212914448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042460762","display_name":"Ruoxuan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruoxuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423183","display_name":"Yuanyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-7542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458193","display_name":"Chi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6528-1427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077232320","display_name":"Chengjie Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6597-168X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengjie Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047722991","display_name":"Miao Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-4413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miao Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042460762"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07954806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1089","last_page":"1094"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8602012395858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6799703240394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamwidth","display_name":"Beamwidth","score":0.6541062593460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-beamformer","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","score":0.551185667514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.5327057242393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4894758462905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.47994735836982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-latency","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","score":0.4764435887336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.47602397203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41859501600265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-antenna","display_name":"Smart antenna","score":0.41508013010025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38857996463775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3563987612724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35210171341896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3387221693992615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.2467908263206482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2066483199596405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.17989295721054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11314749717712402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8602012395858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6799703240394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190060920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876232","display_name":"Beamwidth","level":3,"score":0.6541062593460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33378366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680719","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","level":3,"score":0.551185667514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.5327057242393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4894758462905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.47994735836982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.4764435887336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.47602397203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41859501600265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.41508013010025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38857996463775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3563987612724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35210171341896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3387221693992615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.2467908263206482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2066483199596405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.17989295721054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11314749717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580234","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6492485593","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871362","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551243330","https://openalex.org/W1639568929","https://openalex.org/W2049158557","https://openalex.org/W2140763373","https://openalex.org/W2416293752","https://openalex.org/W2563290528","https://openalex.org/W2618793871","https://openalex.org/W2755310971","https://openalex.org/W2784309553","https://openalex.org/W2908595329","https://openalex.org/W2936200124","https://openalex.org/W2962455215","https://openalex.org/W3001652312","https://openalex.org/W3100743506","https://openalex.org/W6636592340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016186311","https://openalex.org/W2027159007","https://openalex.org/W1541854550","https://openalex.org/W2535726480","https://openalex.org/W2611265354","https://openalex.org/W1541517973","https://openalex.org/W2539050276","https://openalex.org/W1990651235","https://openalex.org/W2897742851","https://openalex.org/W2571620758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"global":[1,110],"airline":[2],"is":[3,150,160,197],"experiencing":[4],"exceptional":[5],"growth,":[6],"and":[7,32,44,65,80,112,116,123,157,176,217,228],"passengers":[8],"onboard":[9],"request":[10],"Internet":[11],"access":[12],"to":[13,37,55,74,107,118,126,152,199,219,235],"utilize":[14],"their":[15],"valuable":[16],"in-flight":[17],"time.":[18,205],"Direct":[19],"air-to-ground":[20],"communication":[21,60],"(DA2GC)":[22],"attracts":[23],"considerable":[24],"attention":[25],"for":[26,39],"its":[27,215],"low":[28,33],"latency,":[29],"high":[30,41,67,227],"capacity,":[31],"cost.":[34],"In":[35,184],"order":[36],"compensate":[38],"the":[40,47,66,70,91,145,166,185,189,207,210,221,237],"path":[42],"loss":[43],"efficiently":[45],"use":[46],"spectrum":[48],"resources,":[49],"beamforming":[50,88,174,180],"technique":[51],"has":[52],"been":[53,102],"introduced":[54],"DA2GC":[56,71,92,141,163],"systems.":[57],"However,":[58],"directional":[59],"causes":[61],"inherent":[62],"blindness":[63],"problem,":[64],"mobility":[68,146],"in":[69,90],"scenario":[72],"leads":[73],"frequent":[75],"beam-realignment.":[76],"Therefore,":[77],"feedback":[78],"overheads":[79],"risks":[81],"of":[82,148,168],"outages":[83],"increase":[84],"significantly":[85],"with":[86,104],"traditional":[87,96],"schemes":[89],"scenario.":[93],"Different":[94],"from":[95],"receiving":[97,195],"ends,":[98],"airplanes":[99,149],"have":[100,113],"already":[101],"equipped":[103],"satellite":[105,155],"antennas":[106],"keep":[108,220],"a":[109,139,170,226],"connection,":[111],"enough":[114],"space":[115],"power":[117],"carry":[119],"massive":[120],"antenna":[121],"arrays":[122],"computing":[124],"processors":[125],"perform":[127],"adaptive":[128,178],"receiver":[129],"(RX)":[130],"beam":[131,192,212],"adjustment.":[132],"Based":[133],"on":[134],"this":[135],"observation,":[136],"we":[137],"propose":[138],"satellite-guided":[140],"network":[142],"architecture":[143],"where":[144],"management":[147],"separated":[151],"relatively":[153],"stable":[154,229],"links,":[156],"data":[158],"streaming":[159],"carried":[161],"by":[162],"links.":[164],"Under":[165],"guidance":[167],"satellites,":[169],"wide":[171,186],"transmitter":[172],"(TX)":[173],"scheme":[175,181],"corresponding":[177],"RX":[179,211],"are":[182,233],"proposed.":[183],"TX":[187,191,202,208],"beamforming,":[188],"widest":[190],"satisfying":[193],"basic":[194],"sensibility":[196],"used":[198],"extend":[200],"each":[201],"beam's":[203],"service":[204],"Within":[206],"beam,":[209],"autonomously":[213],"adjusts":[214],"direction":[216],"beamwidth":[218],"final":[222],"received":[223],"SNR":[224],"at":[225],"level.":[230],"Finally,":[231],"simulations":[232],"performed":[234],"validate":[236],"proposed":[238],"scheme.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}