{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4368227433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447","title":"Elevation Estimation in 3D Radar by an Ensemble Regression Model for Surveillance Applications","display_name":"Elevation Estimation in 3D Radar by an Ensemble Regression Model for Surveillance Applications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4368227433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001669839","display_name":"Ram Pravesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0140-4087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11793825","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/056wyhh33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11793825","https://openalex.org/I4210152752"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ram Pravesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology,Electronics and Communication Engineering,Patna,India","Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology,Electronics and Communication Engineering,Patna,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020892815","display_name":"Bikash Chandra Sahana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0369-7718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11793825","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/056wyhh33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11793825","https://openalex.org/I4210152752"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bikash Chandra Sahana","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology,Electronics and Communication Engineering,Patna,India","Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology,Electronics and Communication Engineering,Patna,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001669839"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01808704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"580","last_page":"584"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.7369938492774963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.575635552406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.509421169757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4845494329929352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4674464464187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4454426169395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4391769468784332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4389282166957855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.43361231684684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.220939040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20828869938850403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.7369938492774963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.575635552406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.509421169757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4845494329929352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4674464464187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4454426169395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4391769468784332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4389282166957855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.43361231684684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.220939040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20828869938850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccae56788.2023.10111447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982686915","https://openalex.org/W1986943938","https://openalex.org/W2016657960","https://openalex.org/W2021842495","https://openalex.org/W2090991586","https://openalex.org/W2135854361","https://openalex.org/W2137615349","https://openalex.org/W2168180864","https://openalex.org/W2168526664","https://openalex.org/W2482500402","https://openalex.org/W2495847202","https://openalex.org/W2573574011","https://openalex.org/W2611187840","https://openalex.org/W2611735022","https://openalex.org/W3020845848","https://openalex.org/W3135638547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396689146","https://openalex.org/W2348542094","https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2097842859","https://openalex.org/W2964887166","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W2072356891","https://openalex.org/W2081270133","https://openalex.org/W2165157405","https://openalex.org/W2773932882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,25,91,140],"surveillance":[1,141],"radars":[2],"determine":[3],"three":[4],"main":[5],"parameters:":[6],"Range,":[7],"Azimuth,":[8],"and":[9,31,67,116,152],"Elevation":[10,83],"angle":[11,41,156],"of":[12,24,42,122,155],"the":[13,34,39,77,123],"aerial":[14,44],"target.":[15,45],"The":[16,120],"elevation":[17,40,51,88],"estimation":[18,52,89],"parameter":[19],"is":[20,94,126,161],"a":[21],"key":[22],"feature":[23],"radars.":[26,92,142],"Sequential":[27],"lobing,":[28,149],"conical":[29,150],"scanning,":[30,151],"mono-pulse":[32,153],"are":[33],"traditional":[35],"methods":[36,47,154],"to":[37,55],"estimate":[38],"an":[43],"These":[46],"have":[48],"limitations":[49],"in":[50,90],"accuracy":[53,121,146,160],"due":[54],"antenna":[56],"pattern":[57],"error,":[58,61],"channel":[59],"mismatch":[60],"platform":[62,64],"orientation,":[63],"stabilization,":[65],"jamming":[66],"clutter,":[68],"multipath":[69],"reflection,":[70],"target":[71],"fluctuation,":[72],"etc.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"suggests":[76],"machine":[78],"learning":[79],"based":[80,95],"Ensemble":[81],"Regression":[82,115],"Estimation":[84],"Method":[85],"(EREEM)":[86],"for":[87],"It":[93,143],"on":[96],"popular":[97],"regression":[98],"techniques":[99],"such":[100],"as":[101,134,136],"Linear":[102],"Regression,":[103,110,113],"Decision":[104],"Trees,":[105],"Random":[106],"Forest,":[107],"Support":[108],"Vector":[109],"Gaussian":[111],"Process":[112],"Kernel":[114],"Neural":[117],"Network":[118],"Regression.":[119],"proposed":[124],"method":[125],"validated":[127],"over":[128,147],"simulated":[129],"stacked":[130],"pencil":[131],"beam":[132],"data":[133,138],"well":[135],"recorded":[137],"from":[139],"has":[144],"higher":[145],"sequential":[148],"estimation.":[157],"Observed":[158],"height":[159],"more":[162],"than":[163],"95%":[164],"using":[165],"EREEM.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}