{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416429951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941","title":"RePM: Reconfigurable Elastic Computing for Polynomial Multiplier with Hybrid NTT Algorithm","display_name":"RePM: Reconfigurable Elastic Computing for Polynomial Multiplier with Hybrid NTT Algorithm","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416429951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028477248","display_name":"Sizhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-262X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sizhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chenyu Zhai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395839","display_name":"Xinhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2200-8797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111920091","display_name":"Zhujun Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhujun Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Engineering University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076951026","display_name":"Shan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9105-3006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Schoole of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xiamen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Schoole of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xiamen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505","https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076044791","display_name":"Donghui Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-4088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghui Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University,Schoole of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xiamen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University,Schoole of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xiamen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505","https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.5339000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.5339000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.13779999315738678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5353999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4875999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.43160000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.383899986743927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7167999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5353999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4875999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.43160000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3797999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142962650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240838","display_name":"Reconfigurable computing","level":3,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3619000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.32659998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127964446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092142","display_name":"Computational resource","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118993495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042828","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","level":3,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65232700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656403","display_name":"Hardware architecture","level":3,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240941","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498685334","https://openalex.org/W2791664942","https://openalex.org/W2866028610","https://openalex.org/W2945132152","https://openalex.org/W2995995168","https://openalex.org/W3036016265","https://openalex.org/W3091786965","https://openalex.org/W3157885010","https://openalex.org/W3158767713","https://openalex.org/W3215302011","https://openalex.org/W3216360301","https://openalex.org/W4221001402","https://openalex.org/W4225682136","https://openalex.org/W4237773356","https://openalex.org/W4250492047","https://openalex.org/W4293025571","https://openalex.org/W4319870570","https://openalex.org/W4321780132","https://openalex.org/W4364860113","https://openalex.org/W4384787353","https://openalex.org/W4384947555","https://openalex.org/W4386178380","https://openalex.org/W4386474840","https://openalex.org/W4386763993","https://openalex.org/W4386765257","https://openalex.org/W4387092738","https://openalex.org/W4389331617","https://openalex.org/W4391182411","https://openalex.org/W4392134190","https://openalex.org/W4399320082","https://openalex.org/W4399487292","https://openalex.org/W4403279202"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polynomial":[0],"multiplication,":[1],"a":[2,53,146,161,194],"core":[3],"component":[4],"of":[5,102,164],"lattice-based":[6,13],"cryptography,":[7],"has":[8],"demonstrated":[9],"impressive":[10],"performance":[11],"in":[12,129,139,150,185],"cryptographic":[14],"chips.":[15],"However,":[16],"costly":[17],"Number":[18],"Theoretic":[19],"Transform":[20],"(NTT)":[21],"makes":[22],"efficient":[23],"and":[24,43,79,136,182],"flexible":[25],"hardware":[26,33,64],"design":[27],"extremely":[28],"challenging,":[29],"particularly":[30],"for":[31,59,114],"ASIC/FPGA-based":[32],"acceleration":[34,149],"solutions":[35],"that":[36,70,117,173],"often":[37],"struggle":[38],"with":[39,156],"high":[40],"resource":[41],"consumption":[42],"low":[44],"computational":[45,141,197],"efficiency.":[46],"To":[47],"address":[48],"these":[49],"issues,":[50],"we":[51,132],"propose":[52],"lightweight":[54],"reconfigurable":[55],"polynomial":[56],"multiplication":[57],"accelerator":[58],"NTT":[60,126],"termed":[61],"RePM.":[62],"The":[63],"architecture":[65,113,175],"adheres":[66],"to":[67,73,93,178,189],"the":[68,95,100,123,140],"principles":[69],"are":[71],"applicable":[72],"various":[74],"post-quantum":[75,167],"cryptography":[76,168],"(PQC)":[77],"algorithms":[78,127],"operates":[80],"under":[81,199],"very":[82],"strict":[83,200],"power":[84,180,201],"constraints.":[85,202],"A":[86],"conflict-free":[87],"near-memory":[88],"mapping":[89],"scheme":[90],"is":[91],"adopted":[92],"reconstruct":[94],"computation":[96],"topology,":[97],"significantly":[98],"reducing":[99],"frequency":[101],"data":[103],"relocation.":[104],"Moreover,":[105],"this":[106,130,174],"work":[107],"pioneers":[108],"an":[109],"elastic":[110],"computing":[111],"array":[112],"butterfly":[115],"units":[116],"eliminates":[118],"pre-computing":[119],"requirements.":[120],"By":[121],"integrating":[122],"mixed":[124],"radix-2/4":[125],"proposed":[128],"paper,":[131],"eliminate":[133],"both":[134],"pre-processing":[135],"post-processing":[137],"stages":[138],"workflow.":[142],"This":[143],"innovation":[144],"achieves":[145,176],"2.1":[147],"\u00d7":[148],"ML-KEM":[151],"(i.e.":[152],"CRYSTALS-Kyber)":[153],"execution":[154],"speed":[155],"ML-KEM-512/1024,":[157],"positioning":[158],"it":[159],"as":[160],"leading":[162],"implementation":[163],"NIST\u2019s":[165],"fourth-round":[166],"standard.":[169],"Experimental":[170],"results":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"up":[177],"75%":[179],"reduction":[181],"65.8%":[183],"improvement":[184],"area":[186],"efficiency":[187],"compared":[188],"state-of-the-art":[190],"solutions,":[191],"while":[192],"preserving":[193],"17\u00d7":[195],"higher":[196],"throughput":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-11-20T00:00:00"}