{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417182628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799","title":"CarbonClarity: Understanding and Addressing Uncertainty in Embodied Carbon for Sustainable Computing","display_name":"CarbonClarity: Understanding and Addressing Uncertainty in Embodied Carbon for Sustainable Computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417182628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.01145","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106973417","display_name":"Xuesi Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261073","display_name":"Cornell Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/04qscbg47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuesi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Leo Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261073","display_name":"Cornell Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/04qscbg47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120738378","display_name":"Anvita Bhagavathula","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261073","display_name":"Cornell Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/04qscbg47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anvita Bhagavathula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035704218","display_name":"Udit Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9118-0961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261073","display_name":"Cornell Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/04qscbg47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Udit Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4405261073"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.5035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99141139,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.8004999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.8004999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.044199999421834946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.0203000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint","display_name":"Carbon footprint","score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.44839999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bundle","display_name":"Bundle","score":0.3756999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percentile","display_name":"Percentile","score":0.3353999853134155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.44839999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778134712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047307","display_name":"Bundle","level":2,"score":0.3756999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.336899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.3353999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202702835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153531","display_name":"Embodied energy","level":2,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.01145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01145","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.01145","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.01145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.01145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.01145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01145","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.01145","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281971810","https://openalex.org/W2765786904","https://openalex.org/W4394999098","https://openalex.org/W3191480387","https://openalex.org/W3157218387","https://openalex.org/W4393407320","https://openalex.org/W4388264823","https://openalex.org/W3139076594","https://openalex.org/W4391594517","https://openalex.org/W4380875485","https://openalex.org/W4389491886","https://openalex.org/W2140163235","https://openalex.org/W3006649941","https://openalex.org/W4401211558","https://openalex.org/W2118196965","https://openalex.org/W4402349378","https://openalex.org/W4402835827","https://openalex.org/W4404848387","https://openalex.org/W2766667549","https://openalex.org/W2014268383","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W3097528158","https://openalex.org/W2764100055","https://openalex.org/W3188178661"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Embodied":[0],"carbon":[1,17,67,79,126,160,173],"footprint":[2],"modeling":[3,47],"has":[4],"become":[5],"an":[6,182],"area":[7],"of":[8,25,45,91,124],"growing":[9],"interest":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,16,30,52,64,131,189],"its":[13,178],"significant":[14],"contribution":[15],"emissions":[18,107],"in":[19,38,74,185],"computing.":[20],"However,":[21],"the":[22,26,33,39,117,120,134,186,193],"deterministic":[23],"nature":[24],"existing":[27],"models":[28],"fail":[29],"account":[31],"for":[32,133,151,192],"spatial":[34],"and":[35,78,99,108,122,162,166],"temporal":[36],"variability":[37],"semiconductor":[40],"supply":[41],"chain.":[42],"The":[43],"absence":[44],"uncertainty":[46],"limits":[48],"system":[49],"designers\u2019":[50],"ability":[51],"make":[53],"informed,":[54],"carbon-aware":[55],"decisions.":[56],"We":[57],"introduce":[58],"CarbonClarity,":[59],"a":[60,88,148,158],"probabilistic":[61],"framework":[62,86],"designed":[63],"model":[65],"embodied":[66,125,172],"footprints":[68],"through":[69,141],"distributions":[70],"that":[71,116],"reflect":[72],"uncertainties":[73],"energy-per-area,":[75],"gas-per-area,":[76],"yield,":[77],"intensity":[80],"across":[81],"different":[82],"technology":[83,103,136,165],"nodes.":[84],"Our":[85],"enables":[87],"deeper":[89],"understanding":[90],"how":[92],"design":[93],"choices,":[94],"such":[95],"as":[96],"chiplet":[97,164],"architectures":[98],"new":[100],"vs.":[101],"old":[102],"node":[104],"selection,":[105],"impact":[106],"their":[109],"associated":[110,179],"uncertainties.":[111],"For":[112],"example,":[113],"we":[114,139],"show":[115],"gap":[118],"between":[119],"mean":[121],"95thpercentile":[123,187],"per":[127],"cm2can":[128],"reach":[129],"up":[130],"1.6\u00d7":[132],"7nm":[135],"node.":[137],"Additionally,":[138],"demonstrate":[140],"case":[142],"studies":[143],"that:":[144],"(i)":[145],"CarbonClarity":[146],"is":[147],"valuable":[149],"resource":[150],"device":[152],"provisioning,":[153],"help":[154],"maintaining":[155],"performance":[156],"under":[157],"tight":[159],"budget;":[161],"(ii)":[163],"mature":[167],"nodes":[168],"not":[169],"only":[170],"reduce":[171],"but":[174],"also":[175],"significantly":[176],"lower":[177],"uncertainty,":[180],"achieving":[181],"18%":[183],"reduction":[184],"compared":[188],"monolithic":[190],"designs":[191],"mobile":[194],"application.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}