{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416429890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745","title":"When Pipelined In-Memory Accelerators Meet Spiking Direct Feedback Alignment: A Co-Design for Neuromorphic Edge Computing","display_name":"When Pipelined In-Memory Accelerators Meet Spiking Direct Feedback Alignment: A Co-Design for Neuromorphic Edge Computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416429890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100582462","display_name":"Haoxiong Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoxiong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I4210119392","https://openalex.org/I4210091786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093795391","display_name":"Yangu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9035-1686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050017487","display_name":"Kwunhang Wong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwunhang Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071810247","display_name":"Rui Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9391-4730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I4210119392","https://openalex.org/I4210091786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635305","display_name":"Ning Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-8823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hong Kong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhongrui Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongrui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern University of Science and Technology,School of Microelectronics,Shenzhen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern University of Science and Technology,School of Microelectronics,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107964691","display_name":"D. S. Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5975-0557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dashan Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I4210119392","https://openalex.org/I4210091786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85657833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.746399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dataflow","display_name":"Dataflow","score":0.682200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5594000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4065999984741211}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8428999781608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.746399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96324660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205446","display_name":"Dataflow","level":2,"score":0.682200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5594000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182019814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143830","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6899612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852911","display_name":"Resistive touchscreen","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781390188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203449","display_name":"Spike (software development)","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240745","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570411240","https://openalex.org/W2147101007","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2620474507","https://openalex.org/W2745933219","https://openalex.org/W2775079417","https://openalex.org/W2920954974","https://openalex.org/W2962804204","https://openalex.org/W2966081953","https://openalex.org/W2980513133","https://openalex.org/W2997869757","https://openalex.org/W3012075737","https://openalex.org/W3016021860","https://openalex.org/W3117204317","https://openalex.org/W3134388707","https://openalex.org/W3155456425","https://openalex.org/W3158225453","https://openalex.org/W3183385172","https://openalex.org/W3201244874","https://openalex.org/W3203477951","https://openalex.org/W4243519499","https://openalex.org/W4280530370","https://openalex.org/W4308937689","https://openalex.org/W4406221479"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spiking":[0,54],"Neural":[1],"Networks":[2],"(SNNs)":[3],"are":[4],"increasingly":[5],"favored":[6],"for":[7,36],"deployment":[8],"on":[9,62,108,130],"resource-constrained":[10],"edge":[11],"devices":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,74,77,111,134,150],"their":[15],"energy-efficient":[16],"and":[17,59,145],"event-driven":[18],"processing":[19],"capabilities.":[20],"However,":[21],"training":[22,52,87,114,122,143],"SNNs":[23],"remains":[24],"challenging":[25],"because":[26],"of":[27,31,85,96],"the":[28,82,91,94,113,120],"computational":[29,83],"intensity":[30],"traditional":[32],"backpropagation":[33],"algorithms":[34],"adapted":[35],"spike-based":[37],"systems.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42],"propose":[43],"a":[44,50,63,101],"novel":[45],"software-hardware":[46],"co-design":[47],"that":[48,119],"introduces":[49],"hardware-friendly":[51],"algorithm,":[53],"Direct":[55],"Feedback":[56],"Alignment":[57],"(SDFA)":[58],"implement":[60],"it":[61],"Resistive":[64],"Random":[65],"Access":[66],"Memory":[67],"(RRAM)-based":[68],"In-Memory":[69],"Computing":[70],"(IMC)":[71],"architecture,":[72],"referred":[73],"as":[75],"PipeSDFA,":[76],"accelerate":[78],"SNN":[79,86],"training.":[80],"Software-wise,":[81],"complexity":[84],"is":[88,105],"reduced":[89],"by":[90],"SDFA":[92],"through":[93],"elimination":[95],"sequential":[97],"error":[98],"propagation.":[99],"Hardware-wise,":[100],"three-level":[102],"pipelined":[103],"dataflow":[104],"designed":[106],"based":[107],"IMC":[109],"architecture":[110],"parallelize":[112],"process.":[115],"Experimental":[116],"results":[117],"demonstrate":[118],"PipeSDFA":[121],"accelerator":[123],"incurs":[124],"less":[125],"than":[126],"2%":[127],"accuracy":[128],"loss":[129],"five":[131],"datasets":[132],"compared":[133,149],"baselines,":[135],"while":[136],"achieving":[137],"1.1\u00d7":[138],"~10.5\u00d7and":[139],"1.37\u00d7~2.1\u00d7":[140],"reductions":[141],"in":[142],"time":[144],"energy":[146],"consumption,":[147],"respectively":[148],"PipeLayer.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-11-20T00:00:00"}
