{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416429722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701","title":"(Invited) FENIX: Flexible and Efficient Hybrid HE/MPC Acceleration with Near-Memory Processing","display_name":"(Invited) FENIX: Flexible and Efficient Hybrid HE/MPC Acceleration with Near-Memory Processing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416429722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053974811","display_name":"Tengyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5929-3310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tengyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chenqi Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenqi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Artificial Intelligence"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104045304","display_name":"Jinxiang Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangrui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Artificial Intelligence"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100865841","display_name":"Yi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9465-0978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101506561","display_name":"Shuwen Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuwen Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457571","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-0813"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Artificial Intelligence"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7208999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.7146000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.5812000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.43560001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.39250001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7208999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.7146000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.5812000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4875999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43560001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781020372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533093","display_name":"On the fly","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018263672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Efficient algorithm","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034861439","https://openalex.org/W2061171222","https://openalex.org/W2138661001","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2890999648","https://openalex.org/W2899140612","https://openalex.org/W2986933415","https://openalex.org/W3093021001","https://openalex.org/W3094696138","https://openalex.org/W3095923304","https://openalex.org/W3165750456","https://openalex.org/W3207326900","https://openalex.org/W4225739994","https://openalex.org/W4245923077","https://openalex.org/W4281731825","https://openalex.org/W4291214134","https://openalex.org/W4307925365","https://openalex.org/W4311322189","https://openalex.org/W4380881143","https://openalex.org/W4385654079","https://openalex.org/W4393407040","https://openalex.org/W4402263660","https://openalex.org/W4404101688","https://openalex.org/W4408750063","https://openalex.org/W4409248690","https://openalex.org/W4409248831","https://openalex.org/W4415795483","https://openalex.org/W7092313071"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Private":[0],"transformer":[1],"inference":[2],"combining":[3],"hybrid":[4,64],"homomorphic":[5],"encryption":[6],"(HE)":[7],"and":[8,22,26,51,80,83,108,114,135],"multi-party":[9],"computation":[10,33,44],"(MPC)":[11],"protocols":[12],"has":[13],"attracted":[14],"increasing":[15],"attention.":[16],"By":[17],"leveraging":[18],"oblivious":[19],"transfer":[20],"(OT)":[21],"HE":[23,79,107],"for":[24,94],"nonlinear":[25],"linear":[27],"operations,":[28],"respectively,":[29],"it":[30],"enables":[31],"accurate":[32],"with":[34,131],"formal":[35],"privacy":[36],"protection.":[37],"However,":[38],"existing":[39],"works":[40],"suffer":[41],"from":[42],"significant":[43,132],"cost":[45],"due":[46],"to":[47,77,117,121],"suboptimal":[48],"protocol":[49,69],"integration":[50],"hardware":[52,99],"inefficiencies.":[53],"We":[54],"propose":[55],"FENIX,":[56],"a":[57,90,128],"protocol-hardware":[58],"co-design":[59],"framework":[60,130],"that":[61],"significantly":[62],"accelerates":[63],"HE/MPC":[65],"execution.":[66],"At":[67,97],"the":[68,73,98,111],"level,":[70,100],"FENIX":[71,126],"proposes":[72],"fine-grained":[74],"OT":[75,81,109],"partitioning":[76],"overlap":[78],"operations":[82],"minimize":[84],"computational":[85],"stalls.":[86],"Besides,":[87],"we":[88,101],"introduce":[89],"flexible":[91,129],"batch":[92],"encoding":[93],"computation-storage":[95],"trade-offs.":[96],"identify":[102],"memory-bound":[103],"computations":[104],"of":[105],"both":[106],"as":[110],"critical":[112],"bottleneck":[113],"offload":[115],"them":[116],"near-memory":[118],"processing":[119],"(NMP)":[120],"reduce":[122],"latency.":[123],"Above":[124],"all,":[125],"demonstrates":[127],"latency":[133],"reduction":[134],"performance":[136],"improvement":[137],"in":[138],"private":[139],"inference.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-11-20T00:00:00"}
