{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416429998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635","title":"NeuroPDE: A Neuromorphic PDE Solver Based on Spintronic and Ferroelectric Devices","display_name":"NeuroPDE: A Neuromorphic PDE Solver Based on Spintronic and Ferroelectric Devices","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416429998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022203370","display_name":"Siqing Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-4140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siqing Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009217361","display_name":"Lizhou Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-7436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhou Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101633853","display_name":"Tiejun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-1761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiejun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710934","display_name":"Chunyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-9803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100760813","display_name":"Sheng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-4060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444672","display_name":"Jian\u2010Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-2923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianmin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112875140","display_name":"Yuhan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0535-6754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008910996","display_name":"Jinhai Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2016-4216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jixuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology,College of Computer Science and Technology,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022203370"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37734669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.7699999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.7699999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.09849999845027924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.024900000542402267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.9724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6137999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memristor","display_name":"Memristor","score":0.46219998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4465999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/von-neumann-architecture","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.36419999599456787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.9724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6574000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6137999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150072547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212923","display_name":"Memristor","level":2,"score":0.46219998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4487999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4465999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207999682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258659","display_name":"Spintronics","level":3,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad66269.2025.11240635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1678272269","https://openalex.org/W1972935398","https://openalex.org/W1974831841","https://openalex.org/W1999802284","https://openalex.org/W2007978852","https://openalex.org/W2110276925","https://openalex.org/W2566971417","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2897750474","https://openalex.org/W2950571254","https://openalex.org/W2963349420","https://openalex.org/W2978800945","https://openalex.org/W3006409777","https://openalex.org/W3010754207","https://openalex.org/W3012987202","https://openalex.org/W3046127916","https://openalex.org/W3106820578","https://openalex.org/W3129412741","https://openalex.org/W3163993681","https://openalex.org/W3171202467","https://openalex.org/W3174292973","https://openalex.org/W4206109799","https://openalex.org/W4226219193","https://openalex.org/W4226244456","https://openalex.org/W4232523103","https://openalex.org/W4294921398","https://openalex.org/W4298098376","https://openalex.org/W4308823052","https://openalex.org/W4309231183","https://openalex.org/W4327857443","https://openalex.org/W4381687077","https://openalex.org/W4386038424","https://openalex.org/W4389298155","https://openalex.org/W4390394804","https://openalex.org/W4396690897","https://openalex.org/W4408235554"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,43],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"new":[3],"methods":[4,17],"for":[5,52,138],"solving":[6,102],"partial":[7],"differential":[8],"equations":[9],"(PDEs)":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12],"Monte":[13],"Carlo":[14],"random":[15,75],"walk":[16],"have":[18],"gained":[19],"considerable":[20],"attention.":[21],"However,":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,73,98,104,117],"the":[25,31,36,126,136],"lack":[26],"of":[27,38,70,93,115,130],"hardware-intrinsic":[28],"randomness":[29],"in":[30,107],"conventional":[32],"von":[33],"Neumann":[34],"architecture,":[35],"performance":[37],"PDE":[39,54],"solvers":[40,55],"is":[41],"limited.":[42],"this":[44,133],"paper,":[45],"we":[46],"introduce":[47],"NeuroPDE,":[48],"a":[49,90],"hardware":[50],"design":[51],"neuromorphic":[53,122,141],"that":[56,67,81],"utilizes":[57],"emerging":[58,131],"spintronic":[59],"and":[60,110],"ferroelectric":[61,79],"devices.":[62],"NeuroPDE":[63,88],"incorporates":[64],"spin":[65],"neurons":[66],"are":[68],"capable":[69],"probabilistic":[71,140],"transmission":[72],"emulate":[74],"walks,":[76],"along":[77],"with":[78],"synapses":[80],"store":[82],"continuous":[83],"weights":[84],"non-volatilely.":[85],"The":[86],"proposed":[87],"achieves":[89],"squared":[91],"error":[92],"less":[94],"than":[95],"1e-2":[96],"compared":[97],"analytical":[99],"solutions":[100],"when":[101],"diffus3.48\u00d7":[103],"315\u00d7":[105],"speedup":[106],"execution":[108],"time":[109],"an":[111],"energy":[112],"consumption":[113],"advantage":[114],"2.7\u00d7":[116],"29.8\u00d7":[118],"over":[119],"advanced":[120],"CMOS-based":[121],"chips.":[123],"By":[124],"leveraging":[125],"inherent":[127],"physical":[128],"stochasticity":[129],"devices,":[132],"study":[134],"paves":[135],"way":[137],"future":[139],"computing":[142],"systems.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-11-20T00:00:00"}