{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200553422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580","title":"MinSC: An Exact Synthesis-Based Method for Minimal-Area Stochastic Circuits under Relaxed Error Bound","display_name":"MinSC: An Exact Synthesis-Based Method for Minimal-Area Stochastic Circuits under Relaxed Error Bound","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200553422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608354","display_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089200615","display_name":"Xuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-0388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022156184","display_name":"Zhufei Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5718-4822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhufei Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036572182","display_name":"Weikang Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-9431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weikang Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["3MoE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"3MoE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5874245166778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulo","display_name":"Modulo","score":0.5823029279708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.5473048090934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5445845127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.530424177646637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-function","display_name":"Boolean function","score":0.4953874349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.494811475276947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4935678243637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.48401400446891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-error","display_name":"Approximation error","score":0.4820871651172638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47283679246902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-circuit","display_name":"Boolean circuit","score":0.4588845372200012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-computing","display_name":"Stochastic computing","score":0.4529704749584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4470939040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.44031721353530884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.42492949962615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3322494626045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3256223201751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.0977192223072052}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5874245166778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54732982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415345","display_name":"Modulo","level":2,"score":0.5823029279708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.5473048090934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5445845127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.530424177646637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187455244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942353","display_name":"Boolean function","level":2,"score":0.4953874349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.494811475276947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4935678243637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.48401400446891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.4820871651172638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47283679246902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141796577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837479","display_name":"Boolean circuit","level":3,"score":0.4588845372200012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.4529704749584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4470939040184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.44031721353530884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.42492949962615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3322494626045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3256223201751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0977192223072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608354","display_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4900995696","display_name":"\u591a\u6570\u903b\u8f91\u4ee3\u6570\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u7efc\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1928269836","https://openalex.org/W1989100100","https://openalex.org/W2010588734","https://openalex.org/W2011812901","https://openalex.org/W2077344647","https://openalex.org/W2101765144","https://openalex.org/W2114507919","https://openalex.org/W2118914590","https://openalex.org/W2144024329","https://openalex.org/W2161057417","https://openalex.org/W2219959730","https://openalex.org/W2539422612","https://openalex.org/W2587513648","https://openalex.org/W2590761278","https://openalex.org/W2625226188","https://openalex.org/W2770265919","https://openalex.org/W2782269965","https://openalex.org/W2799013413","https://openalex.org/W2913953585","https://openalex.org/W3010225018","https://openalex.org/W3036832657","https://openalex.org/W3111924917","https://openalex.org/W3173226991","https://openalex.org/W4233272173","https://openalex.org/W6733787010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075882682","https://openalex.org/W2460503887","https://openalex.org/W3037930063","https://openalex.org/W2013362039","https://openalex.org/W2109676928","https://openalex.org/W2341967150","https://openalex.org/W3105381258","https://openalex.org/W2032013893","https://openalex.org/W1529985544","https://openalex.org/W4200553422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stochastic":[0],"computing":[1],"(SC)":[2],"operates":[3],"on":[4,146],"stochastic":[5,76],"bit":[6],"streams,":[7],"which":[8],"can":[9,37],"realize":[10],"complex":[11],"arithmetic":[12],"functions":[13],"with":[14,102,136],"simple":[15],"circuits.":[16],"A":[17],"previous":[18,43],"work":[19],"shows":[20],"that":[21,134],"by":[22,160],"introducing":[23],"a":[24,48,83,96],"little":[25],"approximation":[26,93,128],"error":[27,80,142],"for":[28,74,95],"the":[29,32,42,52,56,59,91,126,137,149,157],"target":[30,97],"function,":[31],"cost":[33],"of":[34,51,58,156],"SC":[35,110,123,158],"circuits":[36,77,159],"be":[38,62],"dramatically":[39],"reduced.":[40],"However,":[41],"heuristic":[44],"method":[45,73,86,112],"only":[46],"explores":[47],"limited":[49],"subset":[50],"solution":[53],"space,":[54],"so":[55],"optimality":[57],"results":[60,132],"cannot":[61],"guaranteed.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"paper,":[66],"we":[67],"propose":[68],"MinSC,":[69],"an":[70,108,121,141],"exact":[71,109],"synthesis-based":[72],"minimal-area":[75],"under":[78],"relaxed":[79],"bound.":[81],"First,":[82],"novel":[84],"search":[85],"is":[87,117],"proposed":[88],"to":[89,119],"find":[90],"best":[92,127],"polynomial":[94],"function.":[98],"Then,":[99],"considering":[100],"gates":[101],"different":[103],"fanin":[104],"numbers":[105],"and":[106,154],"areas,":[107],"synthesis":[111],"using":[113],"satisfiability":[114],"modulo":[115],"theories":[116],"designed":[118],"obtain":[120],"area-optimal":[122],"circuit":[124],"realizing":[125],"polynomial.":[129],"The":[130],"experimental":[131],"show":[133],"compared":[135],"state-of-the-art":[138],"method,":[139],"given":[140],"ratio":[143],"0.05,":[144],"MinSC":[145],"average":[147],"reduces":[148],"gate":[150],"number,":[151],"area,":[152],"delay,":[153],"area-delay-product":[155],"60.24%,":[161],"47.24%,":[162],"7.10%,":[163],"57.07%,":[164],"respectively.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}