{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200201967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515","title":"Compatible Equivalence Checking of X-Valued Circuits","display_name":"Compatible Equivalence Checking of X-Valued Circuits","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200201967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608354","display_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035209157","display_name":"Yu-Neng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Neng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027842393","display_name":"Yunrong Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7647-833X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Rong Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039939942","display_name":"Po-Chun Chien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-5178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Chun Chien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051196970","display_name":"Ping-Lun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping-Lun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087892303","display_name":"Haoren Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-4422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao-Ren Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032818801","display_name":"Wan-Hsuan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan-Hsuan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078604015","display_name":"Jie-Hong R. Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-4732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-Hong Roland Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","National Taiwan University","Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069922390","display_name":"Chung-Yang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8712-6957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yang Ric Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","National Taiwan University","Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035209157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18308227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"b 2020 1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-equivalence-checking","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","score":0.7693418264389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.7120893001556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contest","display_name":"CONTEST","score":0.7047659158706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-equivalence","display_name":"Logical equivalence","score":0.5639511942863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5572199821472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence-relation","display_name":"Equivalence relation","score":0.5409939885139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.47794201970100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4480594992637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4466799795627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4457102417945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.44385796785354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4230152368545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence-class","display_name":"Equivalence class (music)","score":0.410995215177536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.3797498345375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3370622396469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.24825572967529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10391446948051453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09475433826446533}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96654402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469962","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","level":3,"score":0.7693418264389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.7120893001556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777582232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013414","display_name":"CONTEST","level":2,"score":0.7047659158706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70846408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220433","display_name":"Logical equivalence","level":3,"score":0.5639511942863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5572199821472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156103551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130998","display_name":"Equivalence relation","level":2,"score":0.5409939885139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.47794201970100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4480594992637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4466799795627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4457102417945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44385796785354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4230152368545532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777044963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384707","display_name":"Equivalence class (music)","level":2,"score":0.410995215177536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.3797498345375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3370622396469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.24825572967529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10391446948051453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09475433826446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccad51958.2021.9643515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608354","display_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference On Computer Aided Design (ICCAD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3109047955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2218-E-002-073,109-2224-E-002-008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78552530","https://openalex.org/W1528837436","https://openalex.org/W1600947022","https://openalex.org/W1999997889","https://openalex.org/W2060407451","https://openalex.org/W2069560114","https://openalex.org/W2100465945","https://openalex.org/W2133527541","https://openalex.org/W2140132043","https://openalex.org/W2144601970","https://openalex.org/W2560525892","https://openalex.org/W2803544309","https://openalex.org/W3127696328","https://openalex.org/W4213132743","https://openalex.org/W4230713342","https://openalex.org/W4237163049","https://openalex.org/W4243399171","https://openalex.org/W4248557088","https://openalex.org/W6603199135","https://openalex.org/W6631725144","https://openalex.org/W6635767108","https://openalex.org/W6665802101","https://openalex.org/W6667772415","https://openalex.org/W6681250480","https://openalex.org/W6681472445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152752131","https://openalex.org/W2895616265","https://openalex.org/W2122355433","https://openalex.org/W2106507440","https://openalex.org/W2105710452","https://openalex.org/W204782742","https://openalex.org/W3122722170","https://openalex.org/W4251197167","https://openalex.org/W2465364389","https://openalex.org/W2792156881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34],"X-value":[1,64],"arises":[2],"in":[3,48,90],"various":[4],"contexts":[5],"of":[6,24,36,71,80,87,106],"system":[7],"design.":[8],"It":[9],"often":[10],"represents":[11],"an":[12],"unknown":[13],"value":[14,18],"or":[15],"a":[16,28],"don't-care":[17],"depending":[19],"on":[20,63],"the":[21,49,78,81,85,95,99,103,107],"application.":[22],"Verification":[23],"X-valued":[25,40],"circuits":[26],"is":[27,46],"crucial":[29],"task":[30],"but":[31],"relatively":[32],"unaddressed.":[33],"challenge":[35],"equivalence":[37,44,73],"checking":[38],"for":[39],"circuits,":[41],"named":[42],"compatible":[43,72],"checking,":[45],"posed":[47],"2020":[50],"ICCAD":[51],"CAD":[52],"Contest.":[53],"In":[54],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57],"present":[58],"our":[59,88],"winning":[60],"method":[61],"based":[62],"preserving":[65],"dual-rail":[66],"encoding":[67],"and":[68,84,98],"incremental":[69],"identification":[70],"relation.":[74],"Experimental":[75],"results":[76],"demonstrate":[77],"effectiveness":[79],"proposed":[82],"techniques":[83],"outperformance":[86],"approach":[89],"solving":[91],"more":[92],"cases":[93],"than":[94],"commercial":[96],"tool":[97],"other":[100],"teams":[101],"among":[102],"top":[104],"3":[105],"contest.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}