{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416435551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075","title":"Transformer-Based Sparse CSI Estimation for Non-Stationary Channels","display_name":"Transformer-Based Sparse CSI Estimation for Non-Stationary Channels","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416435551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2026 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62247.html>","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027027201","display_name":"Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2766-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009400840","display_name":"Muhammad Umer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-9326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032205160","display_name":"Ahsan Bilal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27253931","display_name":"Oklahoma City University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bs0cv29","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27253931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oklahoma,Dept. of Computer Science,OK,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oklahoma,Dept. of Computer Science,OK,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27253931","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115925627","display_name":"Hassan Rizwan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Rizwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering,Riverside,CA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering,Riverside,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034455446","display_name":"Sagnik Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0385-1225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sagnik Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057961688","display_name":"Muhammad Ali Jamshed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-9025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali Jamshed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120703690","display_name":"John M. Cioffi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Cioffi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00495204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.4372999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.4372999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.2281000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.08919999748468399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5088000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.48030000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.3790999948978424}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5088000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.48030000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.35510000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87698059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1808960","display_name":"LTI system theory","level":3,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc59461.2026.11588075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2026 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:390872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62247.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.01333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.01333","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.01333","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2511.01333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.01333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:390872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62247.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"and":[1,24,47,72,84,99,137,157],"efficient":[2],"estimation":[3,153],"of":[4],"Channel":[5],"State":[6],"Information":[7],"(CSI)":[8],"is":[9],"critical":[10],"for":[11,154],"next-generation":[12],"wireless":[13],"systems":[14],"operating":[15],"under":[16,43],"non-stationary":[17,155],"conditions,":[18],"where":[19],"user":[20],"mobility,":[21],"Doppler":[22],"spread,":[23],"multipath":[25],"dynamics":[26],"rapidly":[27],"alter":[28],"channel":[29,152],"statistics.":[30],"Conventional":[31],"pilot":[32,45,62,121],"aided":[33],"estimators":[34],"incur":[35],"substantial":[36],"overhead,":[37],"while":[38,119],"deep":[39],"learning":[40],"approaches":[41],"degrade":[42],"dynamic":[44],"patterns":[46],"time":[48,85],"varying":[49],"fading.":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52],"presents":[53],"a":[54,73,89,146],"pilot-aided":[55],"Flash-Attention":[56],"Transformer":[57],"framework":[58,96],"that":[59,129],"unifies":[60],"model-driven":[61],"acquisition":[63],"with":[64,113],"data":[65],"driven":[66],"CSI":[67,135],"reconstruction":[68],"through":[69],"patch-wise":[70],"self-attention":[71],"physics":[74],"aware":[75],"composite":[76],"loss":[77],"function":[78],"enforcing":[79],"phase":[80,107],"alignment,":[81],"correlation":[82],"consistency,":[83],"frequency":[86],"smoothness.":[87],"Under":[88],"standardized":[90],"3GPP":[91],"NR":[92],"configuration,":[93],"the":[94],"proposed":[95],"outperforms":[97],"LMMSE":[98],"LSTM":[100],"baselines":[101],"by":[102,123],"approximately":[103],"13":[104],"dB":[105],"in":[106,149],"invariant":[108],"normalized":[109],"mean-square":[110],"error":[111],"(NMSE)":[112],"markedly":[114],"lower":[115],"bit-error":[116],"rate":[117],"(BER),":[118],"reducing":[120],"overhead":[122],"16":[124],"times.":[125],"These":[126],"results":[127],"demonstrate":[128],"attention":[130],"based":[131],"architectures":[132],"enable":[133],"reliable":[134],"recovery":[136],"enhanced":[138],"spectral":[139],"efficiency":[140],"without":[141],"compromising":[142],"link":[143],"quality,":[144],"addressing":[145],"fundamental":[147],"bottleneck":[148],"adaptive,":[150],"low-overhead":[151],"5G":[156],"beyond-5G":[158],"networks.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}