{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414539187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909","title":"Gradient Boost Enhanced Artificial Immune System Algorithm for Adaptive DDoS Attack Detection in IoT","display_name":"Gradient Boost Enhanced Artificial Immune System Algorithm for Adaptive DDoS Attack Detection in IoT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414539187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119739809","display_name":"Sayed Abualia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137317281","display_name":"Washington State University Vancouver","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2fk805","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137317281","https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sayed Abualia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington State University Vancouver,Department of Computer Sciences,Washington,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State University Vancouver,Department of Computer Sciences,Washington,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101792523","display_name":"Anna Wi\u015bniewska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-556X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137317281","display_name":"Washington State University Vancouver","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2fk805","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137317281","https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Wisniewska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington State University Vancouver,Department of Computer Sciences,Washington,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State University Vancouver,Department of Computer Sciences,Washington,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037544707","display_name":"Nirnimesh Ghose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-5977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nirnimesh Ghose","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Nebraska,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Nebraska,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119739809"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29953248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2659","last_page":"2664"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9136999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.9368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6446999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-immune-system","display_name":"Artificial immune system","score":0.5794000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trinoo","display_name":"Trinoo","score":0.45809999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer-ddos-attack","display_name":"Application layer DDoS attack","score":0.36469998955726624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.9368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6446999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93768804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518735","display_name":"Artificial immune system","level":2,"score":0.5794000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43639116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7843050","display_name":"Trinoo","level":5,"score":0.45809999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120865594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Application layer DDoS attack","level":4,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7386963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954859","display_name":"Negative selection","level":4,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161909","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1678133828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2225161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099940443","https://openalex.org/W2399941526","https://openalex.org/W2607918523","https://openalex.org/W2888195673","https://openalex.org/W2959627510","https://openalex.org/W2965568386","https://openalex.org/W2987201163","https://openalex.org/W3003402377","https://openalex.org/W3042667087","https://openalex.org/W3045734364","https://openalex.org/W3184742726","https://openalex.org/W3186172578","https://openalex.org/W3193240076","https://openalex.org/W3200997921","https://openalex.org/W4367671105"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"Denial":[1],"of":[2,9,51],"Service":[3],"attacks":[4],"(DDoS)":[5],"targeting":[6],"the":[7,29,49,71,95,111],"Internet":[8],"Things":[10],"(IoT)":[11],"remain":[12],"a":[13,58,115],"pervasive":[14],"cybersecurity":[15],"challenge.":[16],"Biologically":[17],"inspired":[18,34],"solutions":[19,40],"have":[20],"shown":[21],"promise":[22],"for":[23,41],"DDoS":[24,52,91,102],"attack":[25],"detection.":[26,43],"For":[27],"example,":[28],"human":[30],"immune":[31],"system":[32,97,113],"has":[33],"various":[35],"Artificial":[36],"Immune":[37],"System":[38],"(AIS)":[39],"anomaly":[42],"In":[44],"this":[45],"paper,":[46],"we":[47],"address":[48],"challenges":[50],"detection":[53,103,123],"in":[54,81,138],"IoT":[55],"by":[56],"proposing":[57],"Gradient":[59],"boost":[60],"regression":[61],"and":[62,76,89,121,129],"Adam-optimized":[63],"Negative":[64],"Selection":[65],"Algorithm":[66],"(GANSA).":[67],"We":[68,93,108],"show":[69,109],"that":[70,110],"proposed":[72,96,112],"algorithm":[73],"is":[74],"effective":[75],"can":[77],"adapt":[78],"to":[79,134],"changes":[80],"network":[82,136],"traffic":[83,137],"patterns,":[84],"thereby":[85],"accurately":[86],"detecting":[87],"known":[88],"unknown":[90],"attacks.":[92],"evaluate":[94],"against":[98],"state-of-the-art":[99],"machine":[100],"learning":[101],"algorithms":[104],"(e.g.,":[105],"CNN,":[106],"SVM).":[107],"achieves":[114],"low":[116],"false":[117],"positive":[118],"rate":[119],"(0.0003)":[120],"near-perfect":[122],"accuracy":[124],"(0.99),":[125,128],"F1":[126],"score":[127],"MCC":[130],"(0.97)":[131],"while":[132],"adapting":[133],"incoming":[135],"real-time.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}