{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414538703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746","title":"Service Continuity-Aware SFC Embedding in Satellite Networks: A Scalable DRL Approach","display_name":"Service Continuity-Aware SFC Embedding in Satellite Networks: A Scalable DRL Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414538703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089886048","display_name":"Zhixuan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-3359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhixuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081508627","display_name":"Shisheng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4483-6958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shisheng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039199386","display_name":"Conghao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-2432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conghao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035878200","display_name":"Jianzhe Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7278-9177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhe Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University,Nanjing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043286765","display_name":"Haibo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-8917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University,Nanjing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773343","display_name":"Xuemin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemin Sherman Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089886048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32369503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4110","last_page":"4115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7268999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.3393000066280365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7512000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7268999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5442000031471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3393000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202615002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783507","display_name":"Differentiable function","level":2,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161746","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,41,116],"propose":[4,94],"a":[5,43,70,95,112],"novel":[6],"service":[7,22,38,71,160],"continuityaware":[8],"Service":[9],"Function":[10],"Chain":[11],"(SFC)":[12],"embedding":[13,74,108],"scheme":[14],"for":[15],"dynamic":[16],"large-scale":[17,122],"LEO":[18,123],"satellite":[19,124],"networks,":[20,125],"where":[21],"disruptions":[23],"occur":[24],"when":[25],"satellites":[26],"hosting":[27],"virtual":[28],"network":[29],"functions":[30],"of":[31,36,59,79,90,121,131,145],"an":[32,60],"SFC":[33,61,63,73],"move":[34],"out":[35],"the":[37,47,55,77,81,87,107,118,128,132,143,153],"region.":[39],"Particularly,":[40],"define":[42],"new":[44],"metric,":[45],"i.e.,":[46],"Remaining":[48],"Time":[49],"to":[50,105,152],"Migration":[51],"(RTTM),":[52],"which":[53],"indicates":[54],"remaining":[56],"functional":[57],"time":[58],"before":[62],"reconfiguration":[64],"is":[65],"needed.":[66],"We":[67,93],"then":[68],"formulate":[69],"continuity-aware":[72],"problem":[75],"with":[76],"objective":[78],"maximizing":[80],"long-term":[82],"acceptance":[83],"ratio":[84],"while":[85],"increasing":[86],"normalized":[88],"RTTM":[89],"accepted":[91],"SFCs.":[92],"scalable":[96],"graph":[97],"neural":[98],"network-assisted":[99],"deep":[100],"reinforcement":[101],"learning":[102],"(DRL)":[103],"approach":[104,141],"solve":[106],"problem.":[109],"By":[110],"employing":[111],"differentiable":[113],"pooling":[114],"technique,":[115],"condense":[117],"feature":[119],"representation":[120],"thereby":[126],"reducing":[127],"computational":[129],"complexity":[130],"down-stream":[133],"DRL-based":[134],"decision-making.":[135],"Simulation":[136],"results":[137],"show":[138],"that":[139],"our":[140],"reduces":[142],"proportion":[144],"reconfigured":[146],"SFCs":[147],"by":[148],"60":[149],"%":[150],"compared":[151],"benchmark,":[154],"indicating":[155],"its":[156],"effectiveness":[157],"in":[158],"enhancing":[159],"continuity.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}