{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414539588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609","title":"Erasure Code-Enabled Off-Chain Distributed Storage for Blockchain","display_name":"Erasure Code-Enabled Off-Chain Distributed Storage for Blockchain","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414539588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101756584","display_name":"Rong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4917-782X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100599679","display_name":"Xinru Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-243X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinru Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361668","display_name":"Jun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7390-8958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101525325","display_name":"Le Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-1642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Guelph,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Guelph,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326776","display_name":"Jingwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-0436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349496","display_name":"Lei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-0408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University,State Key Laboratory of ISN,Xi'an,P. R. China,710071","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111894061","display_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-9422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University,Department of Software Engineering,Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University,Department of Software Engineering,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056209905","display_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nottingham Trent University,Department of Computer Sciences,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nottingham Trent University,Department of Computer Sciences,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4306","last_page":"4312"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erasure-code","display_name":"Erasure code","score":0.727400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-data-store","display_name":"Distributed data store","score":0.7024000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5702999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erasure","display_name":"Erasure","score":0.44209998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.43389999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7448999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137529215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5385031","display_name":"Erasure code","level":3,"score":0.727400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24885549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339678","display_name":"Distributed data store","level":2,"score":0.7024000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5702999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5414000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778790127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484885","display_name":"Erasure","level":2,"score":0.44209998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193519340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q891179","display_name":"Data loss","level":2,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529754248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054772","display_name":"Data recovery","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121838778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7619924","display_name":"Storage efficiency","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65813073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622420","display_name":"High availability","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23725684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616377","display_name":"Maintenance engineering","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161609","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1595715893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B08038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559136758","https://openalex.org/W1836955865","https://openalex.org/W1995147907","https://openalex.org/W2061649200","https://openalex.org/W2105185344","https://openalex.org/W2118428193","https://openalex.org/W2119565742","https://openalex.org/W2119738171","https://openalex.org/W2138744797","https://openalex.org/W2596005034","https://openalex.org/W2794417375","https://openalex.org/W2794533297","https://openalex.org/W2889996626","https://openalex.org/W2902571157","https://openalex.org/W2962966164","https://openalex.org/W3039093196","https://openalex.org/W3131892138","https://openalex.org/W4296461764","https://openalex.org/W4389169752"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"response":[1],"to":[2,14,42,97],"the":[3,11,35,57,67,80,95,99,105],"rapid":[4],"growth":[5],"of":[6,37,104],"data":[7,72],"in":[8],"cyberspace":[9],"and":[10,76,93,102],"resulting":[12],"challenge":[13],"storage":[15,23,52,87,91],"capacity,":[16],"this":[17],"paper":[18],"proposes":[19],"a":[20],"new":[21],"off-chain":[22,50,86],"scheme":[24,32,69],"for":[25,34],"blockchain":[26,71],"based":[27],"on":[28,56],"erasure":[29],"codes.":[30],"The":[31,62],"allows":[33],"application":[36],"different":[38],"coding":[39],"methods":[40],"tailored":[41],"various":[43],"scenarios.":[44],"To":[45],"validate":[46],"its":[47],"feasibility,":[48],"an":[49],"distributed":[51],"test":[53,63],"system":[54],"built":[55],"proposed":[58,68],"framework":[59],"is":[60],"implemented.":[61],"results":[64],"demonstrate":[65],"that":[66],"ensures":[70],"integrity":[73],"from":[74],"local":[75],"global":[77],"perspectives":[78],"reducing":[79],"system's":[81],"repair":[82],"bandwidth.":[83],"This":[84],"novel":[85],"approach":[88],"addresses":[89],"blockchain's":[90],"limitations":[92],"has":[94],"potential":[96],"enhance":[98],"overall":[100],"robustness":[101],"reliability":[103],"system.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}