{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414539590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590","title":"Enhanced F-RANs by Utilizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces and UAV Smart Helpers","display_name":"Enhanced F-RANs by Utilizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces and UAV Smart Helpers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414539590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050864874","display_name":"Hesameddin Mokhtarzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-1732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hesameddin Mokhtarzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009468119","display_name":"Mohammed S. Al-Abiad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed S. Al-Abiad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002681186","display_name":"Md. Jahangir Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Jahangir Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045995606","display_name":"Julian Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-8236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of British Columbia,Kelowna,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050864874"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24459754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5554","last_page":"5559"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.589900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.3788999915122986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6556000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.589900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5055999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C507571656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848436","display_name":"Home automation","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc52391.2025.11161590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2025 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511268924","https://openalex.org/W2963909124","https://openalex.org/W2969203301","https://openalex.org/W3019497660","https://openalex.org/W3044299892","https://openalex.org/W3122751454","https://openalex.org/W3157217691","https://openalex.org/W3167603521","https://openalex.org/W4226343006","https://openalex.org/W4312419991","https://openalex.org/W4392175481","https://openalex.org/W4405907220"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,63],"traditional":[1],"fog-radio":[2],"access":[3],"networks":[4],"(F-RANs),":[5],"deploying":[6],"many":[7],"enhanced":[8],"remote":[9],"radio":[10],"heads":[11],"(eRRHs)":[12],"faces":[13],"challenges":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,39,57,77,105,139,167],"site":[17],"limitations":[18],"and":[19,43,49,94,142,145,175],"fronthaul":[20,55,173],"link":[21,56],"costs.":[22],"To":[23,113,131],"tackle":[24,132],"this":[25,64],"issue,":[26],"we":[27,66,98,122,135],"introduced":[28],"smart":[29],"helpers":[30],"(SHs)":[31],"in":[32,170],"our":[33],"earlier":[34],"study.":[35],"SHs":[36],"mainly":[37],"listen":[38],"communications":[40],"between":[41],"eRRHs":[42],"users,":[44],"smartly":[45],"cache":[46,176],"popular":[47],"content,":[48],"serve":[50],"users":[51],"without":[52],"having":[53],"a":[54,100,160,163],"the":[58,75,79,107,111,115,118,124,133],"macro":[59],"base":[60],"station":[61],"(MBS).":[62],"paper,":[65],"explore":[67],"using":[68,148],"an":[69,137],"unmanned":[70],"aerial":[71],"vehicle":[72],"(UAV)":[73],"as":[74],"SH":[76],"assess":[78,114],"potential":[80],"benefits":[81],"of":[82,110,117,126],"integrating":[83,159],"UAVSHs":[84],"into":[85,162],"F-RANs.":[86],"Because":[87],"UAVs":[88],"typically":[89],"have":[90],"limited":[91],"battery":[92],"life":[93],"cover":[95],"smaller":[96],"areas,":[97],"leverage":[99],"reconfigurable":[101],"intelligent":[102],"surface":[103],"(RIS)":[104],"extend":[106],"service":[108],"area":[109],"UAVSH.":[112],"performance":[116],"considered":[119],"UAVSH-aided":[120],"F-RAN,":[121],"formulate":[123],"problem":[125],"average":[127],"delivery":[128,171],"delay":[129],"minimization.":[130],"problem,":[134],"develop":[136],"algorithm":[138],"optimize":[140],"user":[141],"RIS":[143],"scheduling":[144],"caching":[146],"decisions":[147],"multiagent":[149],"reinforcement":[150],"learning":[151],"(MARL).":[152],"The":[153],"simulation":[154],"results":[155],"numerically":[156],"prove":[157],"that":[158],"UAVSH":[161],"RIS-assisted":[164],"F-RAN":[165],"leads":[166],"significant":[168],"improvements":[169],"delay,":[172],"load,":[174],"hit":[177],"rate":[178],"metrics.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
