{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401871237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068","title":"Fragmentation-Aware VNF Placement: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","display_name":"Fragmentation-Aware VNF Placement: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401871237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051551160","display_name":"Ramy Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3995-1295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramy Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032708439","display_name":"Marios Avgeris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4883-930X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Avgeris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003789929","display_name":"Aris Leivadeas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2996-6824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aris Leivadeas","raw_affiliation_strings":["École de technologie sup érieure,Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montreal,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"École de technologie sup érieure,Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montreal,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017839977","display_name":"Ioannis Lambadaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-9433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Lambadaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5257","last_page":"5262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9379000067710876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7533695697784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7423650026321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.7374376058578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3799230754375458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35126370191574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10987752676010132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7533695697784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7423650026321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7374376058578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3799230754375458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35126370191574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10987752676010132}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc51166.2024.10623068","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:29610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/29610/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Compte rendu de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2804791273","https://openalex.org/W2922181395","https://openalex.org/W2922466107","https://openalex.org/W2952332632","https://openalex.org/W2996945891","https://openalex.org/W3022568111","https://openalex.org/W4213389776","https://openalex.org/W4230563027","https://openalex.org/W4292348871","https://openalex.org/W4312850770","https://openalex.org/W4315630057","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6730742100","https://openalex.org/W6751725685"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,60],"address":[4],"the":[5,34,51,84,89],"challenge":[6],"of":[7,39,54,86,93],"efficiently":[8],"deploying":[9],"Virtual":[10],"Network":[11],"Functions":[12],"(VNFs)":[13],"in":[14,49,117],"network":[15,41],"infrastructures.":[16],"This":[17,81],"is":[18],"particularly":[19],"crucial":[20],"when":[21],"facing":[22],"resource":[23,100,104,120,124],"fragmentation,":[24],"where":[25],"available":[26],"resources":[27],"are":[28],"not":[29],"fully":[30],"utilized":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33],"fluctuating":[35],"allocation":[36],"and":[37,88,99,122],"deallocation":[38],"virtual":[40],"requests.":[42],"Traditional":[43],"optimization":[44],"techniques":[45],"often":[46],"fall":[47],"short":[48],"managing":[50],"dynamic":[52],"complexities":[53],"VNF":[55,65],"placement.":[56],"To":[57],"overcome":[58],"this,":[59],"introduce":[61],"a":[62,75],"novel":[63],"online":[64],"placement":[66],"strategy":[67],"using":[68],"Deep":[69],"Reinforcement":[70],"Learning":[71],"(DRL)":[72],"combined":[73],"with":[74,97],"Reward":[76],"Constrained":[77],"Policy":[78],"Optimization":[79],"(RCPO).":[80],"method":[82,112],"leverages":[83],"flexibility":[85],"DRL":[87],"constraint":[90],"integration":[91],"capacity":[92],"RCPO,":[94],"ensuring":[95],"compliance":[96],"performance":[98],"limitations":[101],"while":[102],"minimizing":[103],"fragmentation.":[105,125],"The":[106],"results":[107],"demonstrate":[108],"that":[109],"our":[110],"DRL-based":[111],"surpasses":[113],"existing":[114],"methods,":[115],"resulting":[116],"more":[118],"effective":[119],"management":[121],"less":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}