{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3192976441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","title":"Towards Integrated Terrestrial-Satellite Network via Intelligent Reflecting Surface","display_name":"Towards Integrated Terrestrial-Satellite Network via Intelligent Reflecting Surface","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3192976441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","mag":"3192976441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029480411","display_name":"Hao Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-3330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044004251","display_name":"Cunqing Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0243-805X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunqing Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046199549","display_name":"Lingya Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4877-5951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingya Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063181504","display_name":"Wenchao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0983-387X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029480411"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1057,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87394861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7855347394943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7752208113670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5579224228858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.5476173758506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5461524128913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.44475340843200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjugate-gradient-method","display_name":"Conjugate gradient method","score":0.43128079175949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3925448954105377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3400598168373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2654998004436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.25172102451324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24273395538330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.10334306955337524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7855347394943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7752208113670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5579224228858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5476173758506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5461524128913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.44475340843200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81184566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191895","display_name":"Conjugate gradient method","level":2,"score":0.43128079175949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3925448954105377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3400598168373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2654998004436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.25172102451324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24273395538330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.10334306955337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-149669","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-149669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W808212000","https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1804110266","https://openalex.org/W1988456768","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2171824268","https://openalex.org/W2319951883","https://openalex.org/W2734990044","https://openalex.org/W2796965548","https://openalex.org/W2894210182","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2959892957","https://openalex.org/W2996178988","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3107731108","https://openalex.org/W4205293427","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W6685525424","https://openalex.org/W6775615920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W2287071596","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W2055634632","https://openalex.org/W2623668551","https://openalex.org/W2051762234","https://openalex.org/W2131408743","https://openalex.org/W2787827467","https://openalex.org/W4367031485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"an":[3,20,127],"intelligent":[4],"reflecting":[5,154],"surface":[6],"(IRS)-aided":[7],"integrated":[8],"terrestrial-satellite":[9],"network":[10],"(ITSN)":[11],"system":[12],"for":[13,58,138,151],"the":[14,26,30,37,41,45,47,60,71,79,82,87,90,115,134,140,146,153,162,169,175,178],"low":[15],"channel":[16],"gain":[17],"users,":[18],"where":[19],"IRS":[21],"is":[22],"deployed":[23],"to":[24,95,167],"assist":[25],"co-existing":[27],"transmissions":[28],"of":[29,40,65,177],"terrestrial":[31],"small":[32],"base":[33],"stations":[34],"(SBSs)":[35],"and":[36,81,89,99,119,144],"satellite.":[38],"Because":[39],"spectrum":[42],"sharing":[43],"in":[44,113,126],"ITSN,":[46],"interference":[48],"between":[49],"two":[50],"systems":[51],"should":[52],"be":[53],"carefully":[54],"mitigated.":[55],"We":[56],"aim":[57],"maximizing":[59],"weighted":[61],"sum":[62],"rate":[63],"(WSR)":[64],"all":[66],"users":[67],"through":[68],"jointly":[69],"optimizing":[70,139],"frame":[72,91,157],"based":[73,109],"coordinated":[74,141],"transmit":[75,116,142],"beamforming":[76,117,143],"vectors":[77,118],"at":[78,86],"SBSs":[80],"phase":[83,121],"shift":[84],"matrix":[85,123],"IRS,":[88],"user":[92,158],"scheduling":[93],"subject":[94],"each":[96],"SBS's":[97],"power":[98],"unit":[100],"modulus.":[101],"To":[102],"this":[103],"end,":[104],"we":[105,132,160],"propose":[106,145,161],"efficient":[107],"algorithms":[108],"on":[110],"alternating":[111,128],"optimization,":[112],"which":[114],"reflective":[120],"shifts":[122],"are":[124],"optimized":[125],"manner.":[129],"In":[130],"particular,":[131],"develop":[133],"second-order-cone":[135],"programming":[136],"(SOCP)":[137],"Riemannian":[147],"conjugate":[148],"gradient":[149],"(RCG)":[150],"updating":[152],"shifts.":[155],"For":[156],"scheduling,":[159],"chordal":[163],"distance":[164],"measure":[165],"method":[166],"improve":[168],"intra-fame":[170],"correlation.":[171],"Simulation":[172],"results":[173],"verify":[174],"effectiveness":[176],"proposed":[179],"algorithm":[180],"compared":[181],"with":[182],"different":[183],"benchmark":[184],"schemes.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T23:00:34.991745","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}