{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123761804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","title":"Impact of Phase Noise and Oscillator Stability on Ultra-Narrow-Band-IoT Waveforms for Satellite","display_name":"Impact of Phase Noise and Oscillator Stability on Ultra-Narrow-Band-IoT Waveforms for Satellite","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123761804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","mag":"3123761804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.06016","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079277333","display_name":"Christian A. Hofmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8421-4433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian A. Hofmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","Bundeswehr University Munich,Chair of Signal Processing,Neubiberg,Germany,85579"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bundeswehr University Munich,Chair of Signal Processing,Neubiberg,Germany,85579","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076413480","display_name":"Kai-Uwe Storek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Uwe Storek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","Bundeswehr University Munich,Chair of Signal Processing,Neubiberg,Germany,85579"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bundeswehr University Munich,Chair of Signal Processing,Neubiberg,Germany,85579","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028324928","display_name":"Andreas Knopp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7798-0535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Knopp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","Bundeswehr University Munich#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Signal Processing, Bundeswehr University Munich, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bundeswehr University Munich#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079277333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00643775,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostationary-orbit","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","score":0.6798202395439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.619440495967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.5936393737792969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.5773341059684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5723276138305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","score":0.5332369804382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.4974682629108429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.49662071466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4568517804145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.44913214445114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-oscillator","display_name":"Local oscillator","score":0.4111568331718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.40158697962760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3968077301979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29317933320999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.2520638704299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.23313945531845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16555657982826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.16086411476135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.09637022018432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.09379181265830994}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16405173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192316","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","level":3,"score":0.6798202395439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.619440495967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.5936393737792969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.5773341059684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5723276138305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105152959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074780","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","level":5,"score":0.5332369804382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.4974682629108429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.49662071466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4568517804145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.44913214445114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203597036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238887","display_name":"Local oscillator","level":3,"score":0.4111568331718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40158697962760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3968077301979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29317933320999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.2520638704299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.23313945531845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16555657982826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16086411476135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.09637022018432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.09379181265830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2101.06016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.06016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.06016","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3123761804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.06016.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2101.06016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2101.06016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2101.06016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.06016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.06016","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123761804.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123761804.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591205089","https://openalex.org/W2164877040","https://openalex.org/W2248880694","https://openalex.org/W2464268421","https://openalex.org/W2734932597","https://openalex.org/W2889879373","https://openalex.org/W2947827092","https://openalex.org/W2962691290","https://openalex.org/W2968157029","https://openalex.org/W2989582393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3192447931","https://openalex.org/W2154750360","https://openalex.org/W3181930495","https://openalex.org/W1974851069","https://openalex.org/W2751432198","https://openalex.org/W3135594917","https://openalex.org/W2145098457","https://openalex.org/W2096624751","https://openalex.org/W2083391694","https://openalex.org/W1605560137","https://openalex.org/W2761543642","https://openalex.org/W2086657604","https://openalex.org/W2082854327","https://openalex.org/W2082683297","https://openalex.org/W1971796656","https://openalex.org/W2025897654","https://openalex.org/W2901217650","https://openalex.org/W1979169083","https://openalex.org/W3001877032","https://openalex.org/W3199840422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0,107],"has":[1],"been":[2],"shown":[3],"that":[4,111],"ultra-narrow-band":[5],"(uNB)":[6],"massive":[7],"machine":[8],"type":[9],"communication":[10,63],"using":[11],"very":[12],"compact":[13],"devices":[14],"with":[15,98],"direct":[16],"access":[17,44],"to":[18,45,49,100],"satellites":[19],"is":[20,64,108,113,121],"possible":[21],"at":[22],"ultra":[23],"low":[24],"rate.":[25],"This":[26],"enables":[27],"global":[28],"ubiquitous":[29],"coverage":[30],"for":[31,59,127],"terminals":[32],"without":[33],"terrestrial":[34],"service":[35],"in":[36],"the":[37,50,51,67,70,74,82,122],"Internet":[38],"of":[39,73,85,125],"Remote":[40],"Things":[41],"and":[42,69,92,103],"provides":[43],"any":[46],"satellite":[47],"up":[48],"geostationary":[52],"earth":[53],"orbit.":[54],"The":[55],"lower":[56],"data":[57],"rate":[58],"waveforms":[60],"providing":[61],"uNB":[62,128],"set":[65],"by":[66],"stability":[68],"phase":[71,101],"noise":[72,102],"applied":[75],"oscillators.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper":[79],"we":[80],"analyze":[81],"physical":[83],"layer":[84],"two":[86],"candidate":[87],"waveforms,":[88],"which":[89,120],"are":[90],"LoRa":[91],"Unipolar":[93],"Coded":[94],"Chirp-Spread":[95],"Spectrum":[96],"(UCSS)":[97],"respect":[99],"oscillator":[104],"frequency":[105,118],"drifts.":[106],"figured":[109],"out":[110],"UCSS":[112],"more":[114],"robust":[115],"against":[116],"linear":[117],"drifts,":[119],"main":[123],"source":[124],"error":[126],"transmissions.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}