{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3095237437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","title":"Local Relay Selection in Presence of Dynamic Obstacles in Millimeter Wave D2D Communication","display_name":"Local Relay Selection in Presence of Dynamic Obstacles in Millimeter Wave D2D Communication","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3095237437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","mag":"3095237437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103172543","display_name":"Durgesh Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-4627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Durgesh Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108","Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086971942","display_name":"Arpan Chattopadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-5912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpan Chattopadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering","INDIAN STATISTICAL INSTITUTE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INDIAN STATISTICAL INSTITUTE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012476636","display_name":"Sasthi C. Ghosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3444-0333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasthi C. Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108","Indian institute of Technology Delhi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durgesh Singh and Sasthi C. Ghosh are With the Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute,Kolkata,India,700108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian institute of Technology Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103172543"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00274888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"i","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.9097490310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.7296478748321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.655308187007904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.523189127445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.511681318283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.4198985993862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41646379232406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay-channel","display_name":"Relay channel","score":0.41611248254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.3339619040489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33177149295806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2985612750053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.21771377325057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.18955552577972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10856947302818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08918687701225281}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.9097490310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.7296478748321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.655308187007904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.523189127445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.511681318283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.4198985993862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41646379232406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46257984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310895","display_name":"Relay channel","level":4,"score":0.41611248254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.3339619040489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33177149295806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2985612750053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.21771377325057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.18955552577972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10856947302818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08918687701225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc42927.2021.9500570","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2011.01537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.01537","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3095237437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01537.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2011.01537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2011.01537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2011.01537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.01537","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9200000166893005,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324473","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3095237437.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3095237437.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584244501","https://openalex.org/W1969281101","https://openalex.org/W2001375344","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2040921991","https://openalex.org/W2141587120","https://openalex.org/W2278865433","https://openalex.org/W2475337353","https://openalex.org/W2477301298","https://openalex.org/W2729225510","https://openalex.org/W2736208033","https://openalex.org/W2741426548","https://openalex.org/W2787144408","https://openalex.org/W2790230042","https://openalex.org/W2796047239","https://openalex.org/W2891126333","https://openalex.org/W2896890603","https://openalex.org/W2910793270","https://openalex.org/W2963184523","https://openalex.org/W2963583412","https://openalex.org/W2969409198","https://openalex.org/W2996630103","https://openalex.org/W2998619204","https://openalex.org/W3006471999","https://openalex.org/W3039059058","https://openalex.org/W3046075022","https://openalex.org/W3101824822","https://openalex.org/W3105281589","https://openalex.org/W6784923352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982424587","https://openalex.org/W3118485080","https://openalex.org/W1480577744","https://openalex.org/W2797160996","https://openalex.org/W2765277960","https://openalex.org/W2953731889","https://openalex.org/W2414051051","https://openalex.org/W2774879311","https://openalex.org/W1522412108","https://openalex.org/W2315134925","https://openalex.org/W2770825424","https://openalex.org/W3115379100","https://openalex.org/W3043984978","https://openalex.org/W2045207919","https://openalex.org/W2161053568","https://openalex.org/W80012474","https://openalex.org/W2001714878","https://openalex.org/W2950589803","https://openalex.org/W184307570","https://openalex.org/W2085327719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockage":[0],"due":[1,17],"to":[2,9,18,38,63,73,76,85,127,164,175],"obstacles":[3,51],"in":[4,27,36,55,100,131,225],"millimeter":[5],"wave":[6],"(mmWave)":[7],"device":[8,10],"(D2D)":[11],"communication":[12],"is":[13],"a":[14,40,171,196],"prominent":[15],"problem":[16,138],"their":[19],"severe":[20],"penetration":[21],"losses.":[22],"Potential":[23],"user":[24],"equipments":[25],"(UEs)":[26],"vicinity":[28],"of":[29,97,115,166,184,191,227],"the":[30,44,95,113,129,137,162,182,214],"source":[31],"UE":[32],"must":[33],"be":[34,74],"explored":[35],"order":[37],"select":[39],"new":[41],"relay":[42,70,82,101,198],"when":[43],"current":[45],"link":[46,71,133],"gets":[47],"blocked.":[48],"However,":[49],"dynamic":[50,228],"are":[52],"not":[53,194],"known":[54],"advance":[56],"and":[57,88,103,105,173,208,220],"thus":[58,106],"may":[59],"cause":[60,80],"unpredictable":[61],"fluctuations":[62],"D2D":[64,132],"channel":[65],"quality":[66],"causing":[67],"newly":[68],"selected":[69],"also":[72],"susceptible":[75],"blockage.":[77],"This":[78],"might":[79],"frequent":[81],"switching":[83,104],"leading":[84],"call":[86],"drops":[87],"high":[89],"energy":[90],"consumption.":[91],"We":[92,125,153,168],"have":[93,154],"proposed":[94],"idea":[96],"reducing":[98],"frequency":[99],"exploration":[102,117,218],"average":[107,217,221],"end-to-end":[108,222],"delay":[109,224],"(in":[110],"seconds)":[111],"at":[112,150],"expense":[114],"additional":[116],"time":[118,219],"units":[119],"(few":[120],"milliseconds)":[121],"during":[122],"beam":[123],"alignment.":[124],"seek":[126],"learn":[128],"uncertainty":[130],"qualities":[134],"by":[135],"modeling":[136],"as":[139],"finite":[140],"horizon":[141],"partially":[142],"observable":[143],"Markov":[144],"decision":[145],"process":[146],"(POMDP)":[147],"framework":[148],"locally":[149],"each":[151],"UE.":[152],"derived":[155],"an":[156],"optimal":[157],"threshold":[158,178],"policy":[159,179],"which":[160,180],"maps":[161],"state":[163],"set":[165],"actions.":[167],"then":[169],"give":[170],"simplified":[172],"easy":[174],"implement":[176],"stationary":[177],"counts":[181],"number":[183],"successive":[185],"acknowledgment":[186],"successes/failures":[187],"for":[188],"making":[189],"decisions":[190],"selecting":[192,195],"or":[193],"given":[197],"locally.":[199],"Through":[200],"extensive":[201],"simulation,":[202],"we":[203],"validate":[204],"our":[205,211],"theoretical":[206],"findings":[207],"demonstrate":[209],"that":[210],"approach":[212],"captures":[213],"tradeoff":[215],"between":[216],"(E2E)":[223],"presence":[226],"obstacles.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}