{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045956348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","title":"A Contract-Theoretic Cyber Insurance for Withdraw Delay in the Blockchain Networks with Shards","display_name":"A Contract-Theoretic Cyber Insurance for Withdraw Delay in the Blockchain Networks with Shards","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045956348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","mag":"3045956348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336857","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-9573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034052371","display_name":"Choong Seon Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-7333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Choong Seon Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073593813","display_name":"Kyung\u2010Joon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyung-Joon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Li Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9638000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8679013848304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-work-system","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","score":0.7397392392158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6221952438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6213688254356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.6030207872390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilemma","display_name":"Dilemma","score":0.5982186794281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.32429957389831543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8679013848304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123436394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249984","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","level":3,"score":0.7397392392158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6221952438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6213688254356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.6030207872390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.5982186794281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32429957389831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149437","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081220505","https://openalex.org/W2731529204","https://openalex.org/W2755503278","https://openalex.org/W2783270181","https://openalex.org/W2794377947","https://openalex.org/W2801673812","https://openalex.org/W2917463879","https://openalex.org/W4248175462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297798448","https://openalex.org/W4388187043","https://openalex.org/W4396713893","https://openalex.org/W4285161539","https://openalex.org/W2982625131","https://openalex.org/W4396636834","https://openalex.org/W3092627261","https://openalex.org/W4396241386","https://openalex.org/W4399333949","https://openalex.org/W4285166115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,4,18,34,38,57,68,71,77,87,95,107,113,119,125,130,138,142,144,149,152,159,169,174,178,183,186,191,197,202,207,218,223,226,230],"basis":[2],"of":[3,10,27,30,73,85,132,136,166,212,225],"most":[5],"existing":[6],"blockchain":[7,58,153,160,187,227],"networks,":[8],"Proof":[9,29],"Work":[11],"(PoW)":[12],"consensus":[13],"protocol":[14],"highly":[15],"relies":[16],"on":[17],"computational":[19],"resources,":[20],"and":[21,111,221,229],"thus":[22],"causing":[23],"a":[24,52,81,164],"huge":[25],"waste":[26],"energy.":[28],"Stake":[31],"(PoS)":[32],"is":[33,43,51,97,210],"alternative":[35],"to":[36,54,93,116,128,195],"relieve":[37,129],"PoW":[39],"dilemma.":[40],"However,":[41],"it":[42],"also":[44],"under":[45],"threat,":[46],"i.e.,":[47],"discouragement":[48,69,198],"attack,":[49,70],"which":[50],"way":[53],"bring":[55],"down":[56],"networks":[59,188],"without":[60,181],"any":[61],"effective":[62],"defense":[63],"against":[64],"it.":[65],"To":[66],"prevent":[67],"founders":[72],"Ethereum":[74],"argue":[75],"that":[76,206],"system":[78],"should":[79],"set":[80],"withdraw":[82,120],"delay":[83,96],"instead":[84,135],"allowing":[86],"validators":[88,175,192,220],"entry/exit":[89],"quickly.":[90],"But":[91],"how":[92],"determine":[94,118],"still":[98],"an":[99],"open":[100],"question.":[101],"In":[102],"this":[103],"paper,":[104],"we":[105,204],"adopt":[106],"cyber":[108,145,231],"insurance":[109,114,126,139,179,215],"idea":[110],"propose":[112],"contract":[115,150],"help":[117],"delay,":[121],"as":[122,124],"well":[123],"claim":[127,180],"loss":[131],"victims.":[133],"Specifically,":[134],"requiring":[137],"premium":[140],"from":[141],"validators,":[143],"insurer":[146],"first":[147],"signs":[148],"with":[151,168],"representative":[154,161],"(e.g.,":[155],"beacon":[156],"chain).":[157],"Then":[158],"would":[162],"sign":[163],"series":[165],"contracts":[167,216],"validators.":[170],"By":[171],"such":[172],"design,":[173],"can":[176,189],"obtain":[177],"paying":[182],"premium,":[184],"while":[185],"keep":[190],"staying":[193],"online":[194],"resist":[196],"attack.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"through":[201],"simulations,":[203],"demonstrate":[205],"proposed":[208],"model":[209],"capable":[211],"providing":[213],"adaptive":[214],"for":[217],"different":[219],"keeping":[222],"profits":[224],"network":[228],"insurer.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}