{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045768430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","title":"Optimizing Mobile Edge Computing Multi-Level Task Offloading via Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Optimizing Mobile Edge Computing Multi-Level Task Offloading via Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045768430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","mag":"3045768430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026270465","display_name":"Peizhi Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6093-2964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peizhi Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032858073","display_name":"Salimur Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-112X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salimur Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83592541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8611308336257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.8332583904266357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8052355647087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.6248443126678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5993103981018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5676223039627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.5216363072395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.48945724964141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.48473259806632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4635547697544098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41788196563720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.4167203903198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.41358864307403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.406579852104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38469475507736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.295745313167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07215312123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0697307288646698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8611308336257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.8332583904266357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8052355647087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6248443126678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5993103981018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5676223039627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.5216363072395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.48945724964141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.48473259806632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4635547697544098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41788196563720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.4167203903198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.41358864307403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.406579852104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38469475507736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.295745313167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07215312123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0697307288646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9149024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32403112","https://openalex.org/W169931978","https://openalex.org/W1601206593","https://openalex.org/W2009887633","https://openalex.org/W2067040941","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2195423816","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2471485503","https://openalex.org/W2580038204","https://openalex.org/W2751904527","https://openalex.org/W2789886235","https://openalex.org/W2792244469","https://openalex.org/W2793578783","https://openalex.org/W2809801936","https://openalex.org/W2921337715","https://openalex.org/W2924384958","https://openalex.org/W2945235903","https://openalex.org/W2950872739","https://openalex.org/W2956490995","https://openalex.org/W2962856838","https://openalex.org/W2963789838","https://openalex.org/W2968424451","https://openalex.org/W2970092032","https://openalex.org/W4297692223","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6638898712","https://openalex.org/W6745649294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W1518499115","https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W4322761281","https://openalex.org/W2968424451","https://openalex.org/W2122599377","https://openalex.org/W4238233472","https://openalex.org/W4221092438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,65],"a":[1,48,95,102,124,130],"mobile":[2,7,75],"edge":[3,15,84,89,97],"computing":[4],"(MEC)":[5],"network,":[6],"devices":[8,76],"could":[9,58],"selectively":[10],"offload":[11,92],"tasks":[12,93],"to":[13,17,91,94],"the":[14,35,43,69,120,134,138],"server(s)":[16],"save":[18],"time":[19],"and":[20,112,129,137],"energy.":[21],"However,":[22],"we":[23,86],"should":[24],"consider":[25],"many":[26],"dynamic":[27],"factors":[28],"in":[29,62,77],"task":[30,114,126,135],"offloading":[31],"optimization,":[32],"which":[33],"increases":[34],"complexity":[36],"of":[37,41,74],"this":[38,66],"problem.":[39],"Instead":[40],"executing":[42],"traditional":[44],"optimization":[45,107],"algorithm":[46],"repeatedly,":[47],"well-trained":[49],"empirical":[50],"model":[51],"such":[52],"as":[53],"an":[54,78,88],"artificial":[55],"neural":[56],"network":[57,80],"be":[59],"more":[60],"efficient":[61],"decision":[63],"making.":[64],"research,":[67],"considering":[68],"potential":[70],"uneven":[71],"spatial":[72],"distribution":[73],"MEC":[79],"with":[81],"multiple":[82],"wireless":[83],"gateways,":[85],"allow":[87],"gateway":[90,98],"nearby":[96],"further.":[99],"We":[100],"propose":[101],"deep":[103],"reinforcement":[104],"learning-based":[105],"joint":[106],"approach":[108,122],"for":[109],"both":[110],"device-level":[111],"edge-level":[113],"offloading.":[115],"Experimental":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119],"proposed":[121],"achieves":[123],"near-optimal":[125],"delay":[127,136],"performance":[128],"better":[131],"trade-off":[132],"between":[133],"energy":[139],"consumption":[140],"on":[141],"tasks.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}