{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045543490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","title":"Deterministic Intra-Vehicle Communications: Timing and Synchronization","display_name":"Deterministic Intra-Vehicle Communications: Timing and Synchronization","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045543490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","mag":"3045543490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062830296","display_name":"Hamid Gharavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-488X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167249","display_name":"Network Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xnsth60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Gharavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Network Technologies, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Network Technologies, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249","https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101513623","display_name":"Bin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-1650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167249","display_name":"Network Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xnsth60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Network Technologies, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Network Technologies, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249","https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062830296"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249","https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.50859732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6645026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.726533055305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7046483755111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.6011902689933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.5586020946502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.5326440334320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.4911594092845917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4771575331687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4143257737159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36311808228492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.361160546541214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0828094482421875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.726533055305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7046483755111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.6011902689933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.5586020946502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.5326440334320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.4911594092845917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4771575331687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4143257737159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36311808228492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.361160546541214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0828094482421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148777","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1827635593","https://openalex.org/W2011457249","https://openalex.org/W2037777662","https://openalex.org/W2139378999","https://openalex.org/W2160076101","https://openalex.org/W4239654815"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093262417","https://openalex.org/W4312626803","https://openalex.org/W2123131699","https://openalex.org/W650116260","https://openalex.org/W2378329187","https://openalex.org/W4390790060","https://openalex.org/W2134191509","https://openalex.org/W3209454962","https://openalex.org/W79697243","https://openalex.org/W2381608072"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"we":[1,98,128,189],"power":[2],"through":[3],"to":[4,21,33,149,170],"the":[5,22,69,125,133,155,164,192,197,209,220],"future,":[6],"in-vehicle":[7],"communications'":[8],"reliance":[9],"on":[10,68],"speed":[11],"is":[12,18,66],"becoming":[13],"a":[14,43,46,61,89,100,158],"challenging":[15],"predicament.":[16],"This":[17],"mainly":[19],"due":[20],"ever-increasing":[23],"number":[24],"of":[25,71,92,95,113,182,196,211],"electronic":[26],"control":[27],"units":[28],"(ECUs),":[29],"which":[30,200],"will":[31],"continue":[32],"drain":[34],"network":[35,63,104,156,166],"capacity,":[36],"hence":[37],"further":[38],"increasing":[39],"bandwidth":[40,49,126,147],"demand.":[41],"For":[42],"wired":[44],"network,":[45],"tradeoff":[47],"between":[48,173,219],"requirement,":[50,127],"reliability,":[51,203],"and":[52,80,119,145,184,204],"cost-effectiveness":[53],"has":[54,168],"been":[55,169],"our":[56,212],"main":[57,134,161,193],"motivation":[58],"in":[59,154,163,180,215],"developing":[60],"high-speed":[62,130],"architecture":[64,108,167],"that":[65],"based":[67],"integration":[70,112],"two":[72,174,221],"time-triggered":[73,177,222],"protocols":[74],"namely;":[75],"Time":[76,81],"Triggered":[77,82],"Ethernet":[78],"(TT-E)":[79],"Controller":[83],"Area":[84],"Network":[85],"(TT-CAN).":[86],"Therefore,":[87],"as":[88,132],"visible":[90],"example":[91],"an":[93],"Internet":[94],"Vehicles":[96],"technology,":[97],"present":[99],"time":[101],"triggered":[102],"communication-based":[103],"architecture.":[105],"The":[106,160],"new":[107],"can":[109,141],"provide":[110],"scalable":[111],"advanced":[114],"functionalities,":[115],"while":[116],"maintaining":[117],"safety":[118],"high":[120],"reliability.":[121],"To":[122],"comply":[123],"with":[124,151],"consider":[129],"TT-Ethernet":[131],"bus":[135],"(i.e.,":[136],"backbone":[137],"network)":[138],"where":[139],"sub-networks":[140],"use":[142],"more":[143],"cost-effective":[144],"lower":[146],"TT-CAN":[148],"communicate":[150],"other":[152],"entities":[153],"via":[157],"gateway.":[159],"challenge":[162],"proposed":[165,198],"resolve":[171],"interoperability":[172,218],"entirely":[175],"different":[176],"protocols,":[178],"especially":[179],"terms":[181],"timing":[183],"synchronization.":[185],"In":[186],"this":[187],"paper,":[188],"first":[190],"explore":[191],"key":[194],"drivers":[195],"architecture,":[199],"are":[201],"bandwidth,":[202],"timeliness.":[205],"We":[206],"then":[207],"demonstrate":[208],"effectiveness":[210],"gateway":[213],"design":[214],"providing":[216],"full":[217],"protocols.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}