{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2498860175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","title":"NomadiKey: User authentication for smart devices based on nomadic keys","display_name":"NomadiKey: User authentication for smart devices based on nomadic keys","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2498860175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","mag":"2498860175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008798208","display_name":"Leonardo Cotta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4751-7643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Cotta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064457868","display_name":"Artur Luis Fernandes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Artur Luis Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108691733","display_name":"Leandro T. C. Melo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leandro T. C. Melo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062702669","display_name":"Luiz Felipe Zafra Saggioro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luiz Felipe Z. Saggioro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050852726","display_name":"Frederico Bastos Pinheiro Martins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederico Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006161598","display_name":"Antonio L. Maia Neto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9475-1803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio L. Maia Neto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076640892","display_name":"Ant\u00f4nio A. F. Loureiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5250-1785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio A. F. Loureiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014926009","display_name":"\u00cdtalo Cunha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5756-7775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Italo Cunha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101763754","display_name":"Leonardo B. Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3691-6171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo B. Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008798208"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.654,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91784094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.8747193217277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7746796011924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6960111856460571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.590793251991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightweight-extensible-authentication-protocol","display_name":"Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol","score":0.5273730754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.4343514144420624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/challenge-handshake-authentication-protocol","display_name":"Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol","score":0.4236205518245697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-factor-authentication","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","score":0.41320544481277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.33646005392074585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.8747193217277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7746796011924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6960111856460571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.590793251991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167169670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824705","display_name":"Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5273730754852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.4343514144420624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207828512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060131","display_name":"Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol","level":4,"score":0.4236205518245697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194699767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878662","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","level":4,"score":0.41320544481277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33646005392074585}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2016.7511425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652269645","https://openalex.org/W1485033854","https://openalex.org/W1487941708","https://openalex.org/W1492832934","https://openalex.org/W1522227660","https://openalex.org/W1559498407","https://openalex.org/W1604275567","https://openalex.org/W1626992774","https://openalex.org/W1755227063","https://openalex.org/W1972952857","https://openalex.org/W1973831058","https://openalex.org/W1976081290","https://openalex.org/W1976303564","https://openalex.org/W1976679085","https://openalex.org/W2004333922","https://openalex.org/W2008123513","https://openalex.org/W2025553284","https://openalex.org/W2032719203","https://openalex.org/W2039031286","https://openalex.org/W2048916667","https://openalex.org/W2078483465","https://openalex.org/W2089661912","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2124885613","https://openalex.org/W2132087033","https://openalex.org/W2147780311","https://openalex.org/W2150097065","https://openalex.org/W2152164036","https://openalex.org/W2157007820","https://openalex.org/W2158705880","https://openalex.org/W2181155974","https://openalex.org/W2486088510","https://openalex.org/W2491436732","https://openalex.org/W6629279466","https://openalex.org/W6637618429","https://openalex.org/W6685574973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093798919","https://openalex.org/W2393298610","https://openalex.org/W3022695109","https://openalex.org/W2941888532","https://openalex.org/W2390304521","https://openalex.org/W4253316174","https://openalex.org/W2147816236","https://openalex.org/W2050433615","https://openalex.org/W2034419863","https://openalex.org/W2054202867"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"growing":[1],"importance":[2],"of":[3,72],"smart":[4],"devices":[5],"calls":[6],"for":[7],"effective":[8],"user":[9,79],"authentication":[10,16,39,80,109,114],"mechanisms.":[11],"We":[12,74,90],"argue":[13],"that":[14,101],"state-of-the-art":[15],"mechanisms":[17,81],"are":[18],"either":[19],"vulnerable":[20],"to":[21,106],"known":[22],"attacks":[23,84],"or":[24],"do":[25],"not":[26],"meet":[27],"usability":[28,65,94],"needs.":[29],"To":[30],"address":[31],"this":[32],"problem":[33],"we":[34],"designed":[35],"NomadiKey,":[36],"a":[37],"user-to-device":[38],"mechanism":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42,113],"nomadic":[43],"keyboard":[44],"keys.":[45,73],"NomadiKey":[46,59,63,76,102],"increases":[47,103],"security":[48,104],"level":[49],"by":[50,66],"placing":[51],"keys":[52],"at":[53],"different":[54,83],"screen":[55],"coordinates":[56],"each":[57],"time":[58],"is":[60],"activated.":[61],"Besides,":[62],"preserves":[64],"maintaining":[67],"the":[68],"traditional":[69],"relative":[70],"position":[71],"compare":[75],"with":[77,95,110],"other":[78],"under":[82],"using":[85],"statistical":[86],"models":[87],"and":[88],"simulation.":[89],"also":[91],"evaluate":[92],"NomadiKey's":[93],"18":[96],"users.":[97],"Our":[98],"results":[99],"show":[100],"compared":[105],"widely-deployed":[107],"PIN":[108],"limited":[111],"impact":[112],"times.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}