{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1570738726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","title":"Coverage and channel characteristics of millimeter wave band using ray tracing","display_name":"Coverage and channel characteristics of millimeter wave band using ray tracing","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1570738726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","mag":"1570738726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061318346","display_name":"Zhenliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-7228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jung Ryu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101975418","display_name":"Sundar Subramanian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sundar Subramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057753345","display_name":"Ashwin Sampath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6117-1497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashwin Sampath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm CR&D, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061318346"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93990934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1380","last_page":"1385"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.7845854163169861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7276145815849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6638264656066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6500805616378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-spread","display_name":"Delay spread","score":0.6442084908485413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6393190026283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.6359425187110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radius","display_name":"RADIUS","score":0.4666960537433624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.41743195056915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3840937614440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3582829236984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.34423935413360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.31321805715560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.28593865036964417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.18271756172180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.11022096872329712}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7845854163169861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7276145815849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6638264656066895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6500805616378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49456836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q666814","display_name":"Delay spread","level":4,"score":0.6442084908485413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6393190026283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.6359425187110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.4666960537433624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.41743195056915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3840937614440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3582829236984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.34423935413360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31321805715560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28593865036964417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18271756172180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.11022096872329712}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W258961992","https://openalex.org/W1498561946","https://openalex.org/W1978308495","https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W1998198103","https://openalex.org/W2047024541","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2490657271","https://openalex.org/W6648280014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2527954625","https://openalex.org/W3034965610","https://openalex.org/W2886037301","https://openalex.org/W4283775212","https://openalex.org/W1945483781","https://openalex.org/W2115853370","https://openalex.org/W3110590130","https://openalex.org/W4287562279","https://openalex.org/W2504274537","https://openalex.org/W2521006054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Utilization":[0],"of":[1,23,117,138,177,208,219],"millimeter":[2],"wave":[3],"(MMW)":[4],"bands":[5,29],"for":[6,175],"supporting":[7],"very":[8],"high":[9],"data":[10],"rate":[11],"cellular":[12],"access":[13],"has":[14],"received":[15],"much":[16],"attention":[17],"in":[18,27,46,83,197,205,231],"recent":[19],"times.":[20],"The":[21,142,156,181,192],"behavior":[22],"the":[24,33,51,60,69,74,84,133,136,139,167,178,206,216,232],"wireless":[25],"channel":[26,53,64,90,158],"these":[28],"differ":[30],"significantly":[31,213],"from":[32,166],"sub-6":[34],"GHz":[35,62],"counterparts.":[36],"Ray":[37],"tracing":[38,67],"is":[39,201,212,225],"a":[40,106,114,118,172,198],"complementary":[41],"effort":[42],"to":[43,113,144,203,228],"detailed":[44,229],"measurements":[45],"providing":[47],"quick":[48],"insight":[49],"into":[50],"coarse":[52],"characteristics.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"paper,":[57],"we":[58],"model":[59],"28":[61],"outdoor":[63],"through":[65],"ray":[66],"using":[68],"WinProp":[70],"tool.":[71],"We":[72,103,170],"simulate":[73],"single":[75],"base":[76,80,109,151],"station":[77,81,110],"and":[78,88,95,100,146,186],"multi":[79],"scenarios":[82],"downtown":[85],"Manhattan":[86],"area":[87],"study":[89],"properties":[91,159],"such":[92],"as":[93],"coverage":[94,112,145],"path":[96,98,123,147],"loss,":[97],"diversity":[99,148],"delay":[101,182,195],"spreads.":[102],"observe":[104,171],"that":[105,130],"typical":[107,193],"MMW":[108],"provides":[111],"significant":[115],"fraction":[116],"100m":[119],"cell":[120],"radius":[121],"with":[122,149,162,184],"diversity,":[124],"i.e.":[125],"there":[126],"exist":[127],"secondary":[128],"paths":[129],"may":[131],"sustain":[132],"link":[134],"on":[135],"failure":[137],"first":[140],"path.":[141],"improvements":[143],"multiple":[150],"stations":[152],"are":[153,160,189],"also":[154,190],"characterized.":[155],"above":[157,179],"compared":[161],"NYU's":[163],"[4]":[164],"results":[165],"same":[168],"region.":[169],"reasonable":[173],"match":[174],"many":[176],"parameters.":[180],"spreads":[183],"omni":[185],"beamformed":[187,199],"antennas":[188],"compared.":[191],"RMS":[194],"spread":[196],"scenario":[200],"seen":[202],"be":[204],"order":[207],"20-30":[209],"ns":[210],"which":[211],"smaller":[214],"than":[215],"measured":[217],"values":[218],"100ns":[220],"or":[221],"more.":[222],"This":[223],"phenomenon":[224],"likely":[226],"due":[227],"clutter":[230],"environment":[233],"not":[234],"being":[235],"modeled.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}