{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1579772159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","title":"Impact of intra- and inter-RAT offloading on the spectrum/energy efficiency of HetNets","display_name":"Impact of intra- and inter-RAT offloading on the spectrum/energy efficiency of HetNets","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1579772159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","mag":"1579772159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075623538","display_name":"Jaya Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaya Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N1N4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N1N4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011776428","display_name":"Abraham O. Fapojuwo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2577-3416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham O. Fapojuwo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N1N4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N1N4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2008,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56978464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"31","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.7217196226119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.6973068714141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6850719451904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5399267077445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5130852460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.48859578371047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.46963000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4633313715457916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.4445292055606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-optimal","display_name":"Pareto optimal","score":0.42489129304885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.40334123373031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.37100446224212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34519970417022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.18335974216461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16985559463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11168050765991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.094368577003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.090369313955307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08078676462173462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.7217196226119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.6973068714141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6850719451904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5399267077445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5130852460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.48859578371047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.46963000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4633313715457916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.4445292055606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986314615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto optimal","level":3,"score":0.42489129304885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.40334123373031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.37100446224212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34519970417022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.18335974216461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16985559463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11168050765991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.094368577003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.090369313955307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08078676462173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2015.7248294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631335369","https://openalex.org/W783893065","https://openalex.org/W1487286752","https://openalex.org/W1994016165","https://openalex.org/W2005108639","https://openalex.org/W2007523487","https://openalex.org/W2013366448","https://openalex.org/W2016043591","https://openalex.org/W2039688938","https://openalex.org/W2050201442","https://openalex.org/W2069119628","https://openalex.org/W2090940188","https://openalex.org/W2112170521","https://openalex.org/W2115392882","https://openalex.org/W2119952207","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W3147253957","https://openalex.org/W6652303212","https://openalex.org/W6665018949"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786534237","https://openalex.org/W2583418925","https://openalex.org/W3125936868","https://openalex.org/W2980078855","https://openalex.org/W2584407738","https://openalex.org/W2805060255","https://openalex.org/W2089445020","https://openalex.org/W2189050590","https://openalex.org/W2962706271","https://openalex.org/W2573375498"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,17,37,55,59,69,73,80,101,109,114,122,136,146,152,163,168],"problem":[4,87],"of":[5,42,57,91,108,154],"simultaneously":[6],"achieving":[7],"high":[8],"spectral":[9],"efficiency":[10,14],"(SE)":[11],"and":[12,27,39,61,72,82,97,126,141],"energy":[13],"(EE)":[15],"in":[16,106,162],"heterogeneous":[18,45],"radio":[19],"access":[20],"technology":[21],"(RAT)":[22],"environment":[23],"via":[24,63],"biased":[25,74,142],"intra-":[26],"inter-RAT":[28],"offloading.":[29],"An":[30],"analytical":[31],"framework":[32],"is":[33,52,65,95,118],"developed":[34],"for":[35],"investigating":[36],"SE":[38,60,81,125],"EE":[40,62,127],"performance":[41],"a":[43,84,159],"two-RAT":[44],"network":[46,110],"(HetNet),":[47],"based":[48],"on":[49,68],"which":[50],"it":[51],"shown":[53],"that":[54,157],"feasibility":[56],"increasing":[58],"offloading":[64,75,143],"strongly":[66],"dependent":[67],"load":[70,147,155],"level":[71],"factors.":[76],"For":[77],"jointly":[78],"maximizing":[79],"EE,":[83],"multi-objective":[85],"optimization":[86],"subject":[88],"to":[89,99,120,145],"quality":[90],"service":[92],"(QoS)":[93],"constraints":[94],"formulated":[96],"solved":[98],"give":[100],"Pareto":[102,116],"optimal":[103],"operational":[104],"regime":[105,117],"terms":[107],"parameters.":[111],"Following":[112],"this,":[113],"constrained":[115],"used":[119],"quantify":[121],"tradeoff":[123,165],"between":[124],"as":[128],"an":[129],"opportunity":[130],"cost":[131],"measure.":[132],"By":[133],"opportunistically":[134],"adapting":[135],"small":[137],"cell":[138],"BS":[139],"density":[140],"factors":[144],"conditions,":[148],"we":[149],"numerically":[150],"show":[151],"range":[153],"values":[156],"achieves":[158],"good":[160],"balance":[161],"SE-EE":[164],"while":[166],"satisfying":[167],"specified":[169],"users'":[170],"QoS":[171],"requirements.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}