{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004078625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","title":"Detection of malicious payload distribution channels in DNS","display_name":"Detection of malicious payload distribution channels in DNS","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004078625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","mag":"2004078625"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078013591","display_name":"A. Mert Kara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154007","display_name":"Digital Research Alliance of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010r6td27","country_code":null,"type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Mert Kara","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059687788","display_name":"Hamad Binsalleeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-6314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154007","display_name":"Digital Research Alliance of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010r6td27","country_code":null,"type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamad Binsalleeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055898168","display_name":"Mohammad Mannan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-5858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","[Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085765243","display_name":"Amr Youssef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4284-8646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Youssef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","[Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028605138","display_name":"Mourad Debbabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-3043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154007","display_name":"Digital Research Alliance of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010r6td27","country_code":null,"type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mourad Debbabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Cyber Forensics & Training Alliance, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078013591"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93703742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"853","last_page":"858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.9396337270736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name-system","display_name":"Domain Name System","score":0.8488419055938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.7699362635612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7143782377243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6537361145019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.5197672247886658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4928012192249298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4588949680328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name","display_name":"Domain name","score":0.45071423053741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.23091775178909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.15569251775741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.07731670141220093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.9396337270736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35026560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8767","display_name":"Domain Name System","level":3,"score":0.8488419055938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.7699362635612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7143782377243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6537361145019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.5197672247886658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4928012192249298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4588949680328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988987868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32635","display_name":"Domain name","level":3,"score":0.45071423053741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.23091775178909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.15569251775741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.07731670141220093}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2014.6883426","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74326408","https://openalex.org/W85558978","https://openalex.org/W162535436","https://openalex.org/W1487185763","https://openalex.org/W1561314694","https://openalex.org/W1561983441","https://openalex.org/W1572744584","https://openalex.org/W1581184532","https://openalex.org/W1774758602","https://openalex.org/W1962340579","https://openalex.org/W1970499440","https://openalex.org/W1977415353","https://openalex.org/W1989598342","https://openalex.org/W2097981871","https://openalex.org/W2099953588","https://openalex.org/W2111427271","https://openalex.org/W2233222076","https://openalex.org/W2240246332","https://openalex.org/W2242439259","https://openalex.org/W2264773179","https://openalex.org/W2333208009","https://openalex.org/W2401336995","https://openalex.org/W2987823657","https://openalex.org/W4205200683","https://openalex.org/W4302441632","https://openalex.org/W6602999313","https://openalex.org/W6633578641","https://openalex.org/W6634965539","https://openalex.org/W6637915308","https://openalex.org/W6641353988","https://openalex.org/W6674988790","https://openalex.org/W6689705482","https://openalex.org/W6690639195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2929621094","https://openalex.org/W1996006176","https://openalex.org/W4285325964","https://openalex.org/W2965181964","https://openalex.org/W2004078625","https://openalex.org/W3195171228","https://openalex.org/W2760320879","https://openalex.org/W1642214788","https://openalex.org/W2733931179","https://openalex.org/W2095479613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Botmasters":[0],"are":[1],"known":[2],"to":[3,7,54,68],"use":[4,41],"different":[5],"protocols":[6,17],"hide":[8],"their":[9],"activities.":[10,34],"Throughout":[11],"the":[12,40,56,109,132],"past":[13],"few":[14,101],"years,":[15],"several":[16],"have":[18],"been":[19],"abused,":[20],"and":[21,63,87],"recently":[22],"Domain":[23],"Name":[24],"System":[25],"(DNS)":[26],"also":[27],"became":[28],"a":[29,45,52,88,100],"target":[30],"of":[31,42,60,81,92,131],"such":[32],"malicious":[33,46,114],"In":[35],"this":[36],"paper,":[37],"we":[38],"study":[39],"DNS":[43,65,94,120],"as":[44],"payload":[47,70,133],"distribution":[48,71],"channel.":[49],"We":[50],"present":[51],"system":[53,125],"analyze":[55],"resource":[57],"record":[58],"activities":[59],"domain":[61],"names":[62],"build":[64],"zone":[66],"profiles":[67],"detect":[69,127],"channels.":[72],"Our":[73,116],"work":[74],"is":[75],"based":[76],"on":[77,118],"an":[78],"extensive":[79],"analysis":[80],"malware":[82],"datasets":[83],"for":[84,112],"one":[85],"year,":[86],"near":[89],"real-time":[90],"feed":[91],"passive":[93,119],"traffic.":[95],"The":[96],"experimental":[97],"results":[98],"reveal":[99],"previously":[102],"unreported":[103],"long-running":[104],"hidden":[105],"domains":[106],"used":[107],"by":[108],"Morto":[110],"worm":[111],"distributing":[113],"payloads.":[115],"experiments":[117],"traffic":[121],"indicate":[122],"that":[123],"our":[124],"can":[126],"these":[128],"channels":[129],"regardless":[130],"format.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
