{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074740414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","title":"A gradient-based multi-path routing protocol for low duty-cycled wireless sensor networks","display_name":"A gradient-based multi-path routing protocol for low duty-cycled wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074740414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","mag":"2074740414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003317644","display_name":"Jie Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-2097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zheng Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076786933","display_name":"Baoxian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-6898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoxian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"233","last_page":"237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8278496265411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.762814998626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.5675480961799622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5257614254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5245561599731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-routing","display_name":"Multipath routing","score":0.5149341225624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4998610019683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4968288242816925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-routing-protocol","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","score":0.48291823267936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.458638995885849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.4306787848472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3923664093017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09383633732795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07941555976867676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8278496265411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.762814998626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.5675480961799622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5257614254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5245561599731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.5149341225624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4998610019683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4968288242816925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.48291823267936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.458638995885849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.4306787848472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3923664093017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09383633732795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07941555976867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2012.6364182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535393019","https://openalex.org/W2000548713","https://openalex.org/W2004098592","https://openalex.org/W2011662871","https://openalex.org/W2037112918","https://openalex.org/W2085512332","https://openalex.org/W2124124637","https://openalex.org/W2125530689","https://openalex.org/W2130078449","https://openalex.org/W2135053460","https://openalex.org/W2135505702","https://openalex.org/W2141825620","https://openalex.org/W2144152916","https://openalex.org/W2165677640","https://openalex.org/W4234048677","https://openalex.org/W6650655300","https://openalex.org/W6679465862"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126842185","https://openalex.org/W1992906332","https://openalex.org/W2546592407","https://openalex.org/W2011277702","https://openalex.org/W2008974667","https://openalex.org/W1593279778","https://openalex.org/W3022598921","https://openalex.org/W2544170366","https://openalex.org/W2145414295","https://openalex.org/W2419435095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"duty":[1,60],"cycled":[2,61],"sleep":[3,40],"scheduling":[4,41],"can":[5,33,86,136],"largely":[6,34],"prolong":[7],"the":[8,23,36,126,133],"lifetime":[9],"of":[10,25,31,38,142],"a":[11,39,48,58,71,76,79,84,88,112],"wireless":[12],"sensor":[13],"network":[14],"(WSN).":[15],"However,":[16],"it":[17],"also":[18],"brings":[19],"big":[20,80],"challenge":[21],"to":[22,46,93,124],"design":[24,111],"efficient":[26,51],"routing":[27,56,114],"protocols.":[28],"Inappropriate":[29],"selection":[30],"routes":[32],"offset":[35],"efficiency":[37,147],"mechanism.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"aims":[45],"provide":[47],"simple":[49],"but":[50],"forwarding":[52,89,127],"discipline":[53],"for":[54],"packet":[55],"in":[57,70,91,140],"low":[59],"WSN":[62],"wherein":[63],"each":[64],"node":[65,85],"chooses":[66],"its":[67],"wakeup":[68],"slot":[69],"pseudo-random":[72],"manner.":[73],"In":[74,107],"such":[75],"duty-cycled":[77],"WSN,":[78],"problem":[81],"is":[82],"how":[83],"make":[87,125],"decision":[90],"order":[92],"obtain":[94,137],"an":[95],"acceptable":[96],"end-to-end":[97],"(E2E)":[98],"delivery":[99,143],"latency":[100,144],"as":[101,103],"well":[102],"high":[104,138],"energy":[105,146],"efficiency.":[106],"this":[108],"paper,":[109],"we":[110],"multipath":[113],"protocol":[115,135],"that":[116,132],"combines":[117],"gradient":[118],"information":[119],"and":[120,145],"predictable":[121],"link":[122],"delay":[123],"decision.":[128],"Simulation":[129],"results":[130],"show":[131],"designed":[134],"performance":[139],"terms":[141],"compared":[148],"with":[149],"existing":[150],"work.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}