{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147942013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","title":"Finding Optimal Action Point for Multi-Stage Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks","display_name":"Finding Optimal Action Point for Multi-Stage Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147942013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","mag":"2147942013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387292","display_name":"Bowen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-4916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087967463","display_name":"Panlong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-2793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panlong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341802","display_name":"Xiang\u2010Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-6625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang-yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340093","display_name":"Jinlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5015-5981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"People''s Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100785098","display_name":"Qihui Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-8364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihui Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"abs 910 2065","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.8999578952789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.758598268032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6938344836235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.5301588177680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.5048664212226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5024888515472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.47393089532852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.4661000967025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4501835107803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.43304723501205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40328249335289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1936040222644806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19242212176322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12250825762748718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.8999578952789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.758598268032074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6938344836235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.5301588177680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.5048664212226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5024888515472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.47393089532852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.4661000967025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4501835107803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.43304723501205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40328249335289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1936040222644806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19242212176322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12250825762748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2011.5962854","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.701.5343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.701.5343","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.iit.edu/%7Exli/paper/Conf/finding-icc11.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969280328","https://openalex.org/W1976501316","https://openalex.org/W1996069568","https://openalex.org/W2007587873","https://openalex.org/W2098046554","https://openalex.org/W2115874735","https://openalex.org/W2130762526","https://openalex.org/W2751555667","https://openalex.org/W2752379063","https://openalex.org/W3103604572","https://openalex.org/W4252450363","https://openalex.org/W6649236995","https://openalex.org/W6785995429","https://openalex.org/W7020061393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116044594","https://openalex.org/W2101999641","https://openalex.org/W1503152075","https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W2052600062","https://openalex.org/W2124541664","https://openalex.org/W289296924","https://openalex.org/W2076148615","https://openalex.org/W2122920812","https://openalex.org/W2109988226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"critical":[1],"challenge":[2],"in":[3,12,47,155],"Cognitive":[4],"Radio":[5],"Networks":[6],"(CRN)":[7],"is":[8],"to":[9,40,49,63,100],"make":[10,34],"decision":[11],"real-time":[13],"on":[14,36],"accessing":[15],"and":[16,25,42,128],"releasing":[17],"available":[18],"channels":[19],"that":[20],"maximize":[21],"the":[22,26,44,54,89,92,105,121,150],"spectrum":[23,50],"utilization":[24],"overall":[27],"system":[28],"throughput.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31,77],"work,":[32],"we":[33,75,119],"investigations":[35],"optimal":[37,82,94,106],"action":[38],"point":[39],"explore":[41],"exploit":[43],"frequency-temporal":[45],"diversity":[46],"addition":[48],"availability.":[51],"By":[52],"modeling":[53],"Rayleigh":[55],"fading":[56],"channel":[57,69],"under":[58],"primary":[59],"user":[60],"(PU)":[61],"activity":[62],"be":[64,98],"a":[65,80],"finite":[66],"state":[67],"Markov":[68,114],"(FSMC)":[70],"with":[71],"an":[72],"absorbing":[73],"state,":[74],"formulate":[76],"difficulty":[78],"into":[79],"2-Dimension":[81],"stopping":[83,95],"problem.":[84],"Further,":[85],"we've":[86],"proved":[87],"that,":[88,133],"complexity":[90],"of":[91,123,152],"2D":[93],"rule":[96],"can":[97],"reduced":[99],"one":[101],"threshold":[102,135],"policy,":[103],"where":[104],"character":[107],"still":[108],"holds.":[109],"After":[110],"properly":[111],"constructing":[112],"multi-absorbing-states":[113],"chain":[115],"for":[116],"dynamic":[117],"analysis,":[118],"get":[120],"throughput":[122,142],"our":[124,134],"strategy":[125,138,148],"accurately.":[126],"Numerical":[127],"simulations":[129],"results":[130],"have":[131],"verified":[132],"based":[136,146],"access/switch":[137,147],"gains":[139],"much":[140],"more":[141],"than":[143],"conventional":[144],"idle/busy":[145],"at":[149],"cost":[151],"access":[153],"delay":[154],"most":[156],"cases.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
