{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388282179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124","title":"Research on Network Traffic Feature Map Generation and Evaluation Methods","display_name":"Research on Network Traffic Feature Map Generation and Evaluation Methods","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388282179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 4th International Conference on Big Data &amp; Artificial Intelligence &amp; Software Engineering (ICBASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049416800","display_name":"Anxing Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anxing Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101840117","display_name":"Kai Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-7924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106944749","display_name":"Mengshu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0566-970X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengshu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104192659","display_name":"Zeri Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeri Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University of Technology,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049416800"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2985,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56932846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"429","last_page":"433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7751840949058533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.6833747029304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5913298726081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5595897436141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5581985712051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-estimation","display_name":"Entropy estimation","score":0.521593451499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.48834535479545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42067328095436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3450421392917633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09606954455375671}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7751840949058533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.6833747029304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5913298726081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5595897436141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5581985712051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95546049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345207","display_name":"Entropy estimation","level":3,"score":0.521593451499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.48834535479545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42067328095436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3450421392917633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09606954455375671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbase59196.2023.10303124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 4th International Conference on Big Data &amp; Artificial Intelligence &amp; Software Engineering (ICBASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W575847903","https://openalex.org/W1623006543","https://openalex.org/W2165489143","https://openalex.org/W2611745632","https://openalex.org/W2801356932","https://openalex.org/W2919234133","https://openalex.org/W2998548159","https://openalex.org/W3022595769","https://openalex.org/W3025397758","https://openalex.org/W3046220160","https://openalex.org/W3183444479","https://openalex.org/W4224220262","https://openalex.org/W6636749155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390516098","https://openalex.org/W2181948922","https://openalex.org/W2384362569","https://openalex.org/W1895696520","https://openalex.org/W2746507124","https://openalex.org/W2128917611","https://openalex.org/W2024322383","https://openalex.org/W2972275443","https://openalex.org/W2770228989","https://openalex.org/W1963545232"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,13,81,91,110,117],"continuous":[2,87],"development":[3],"of":[4,15,125],"machine":[5],"learning,":[6],"it":[7,22],"has":[8],"been":[9],"widely":[10],"used":[11,95],"in":[12,123],"fields":[14],"image":[16],"processing":[17],"and":[18,73,86,112,130],"computer":[19],"vision.":[20],"However,":[21],"needs":[23],"to":[24,79,96],"be":[25],"transformed":[26],"into":[27,34,50],"images":[28,51],"before":[29],"feeding":[30],"network":[31,47,63,98],"traffic":[32,48,64],"data":[33,49],"a":[35,59],"deep":[36],"learning":[37],"model":[38],"for":[39,44,61,84],"training.":[40],"The":[41],"existing":[42],"methods":[43,122],"directly":[45],"converting":[46],"demonstrate":[52],"unfavorable":[53],"results.":[54],"Therefore,":[55],"this":[56],"paper":[57],"proposes":[58],"method":[60,68,119],"generating":[62],"feature":[65,101],"maps.":[66],"This":[67],"first":[69],"uses":[70],"information":[71],"entropy":[72,82,92],"classical":[74],"k-nearest":[75],"neighbors":[76],"estimation":[77],"algorithm":[78],"calculate":[80],"values":[83,93],"discrete":[85],"variables":[88],"respectively,":[89],"then":[90],"are":[94,103],"filter":[97],"traffic.":[99],"Finally,":[100],"maps":[102],"generated":[104],"through":[105],"an":[106],"encoder.":[107],"Experiments":[108],"on":[109],"UNSW_NB15":[111],"CIC-IDS2017":[113],"datasets":[114],"show":[115],"that":[116],"proposed":[118],"outperforms":[120],"other":[121],"terms":[124],"metrics":[126],"such":[127],"as":[128],"PSNR":[129],"SSIM.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
