{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898688737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","title":"Simple formulation of structural similarity for halftoning and its application to Visual secret sharing","display_name":"Simple formulation of structural similarity for halftoning and its application to Visual secret sharing","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898688737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","mag":"2898688737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 9th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology (iCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019036977","display_name":"Ryosuke Kawakubo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryosuke Kawakubo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049896757","display_name":"Yodai Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-6882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yodai Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12567862,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"220","issue":null,"first_page":"106","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-sharing","display_name":"Secret sharing","score":0.911316454410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-secret-sharing","display_name":"Homomorphic secret sharing","score":0.8171952366828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shamirs-secret-sharing","display_name":"Shamir's Secret Sharing","score":0.8048880100250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.7254610061645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7058109641075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verifiable-secret-sharing","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","score":0.6629752516746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6459720134735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-multi-party-computation","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","score":0.6452600359916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6246086359024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6131157279014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-cryptography","display_name":"Visual cryptography","score":0.606423556804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.531999409198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5084809064865112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-structure","display_name":"Access structure","score":0.49127310514450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4740830659866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4294450283050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42304015159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4133145809173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.27686044573783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25854018330574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2435343861579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.17340341210365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11513933539390564}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3087436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1386603","display_name":"Secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.911316454410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132161212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891458","display_name":"Homomorphic secret sharing","level":4,"score":0.8171952366828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131755552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935125","display_name":"Shamir's Secret Sharing","level":5,"score":0.8048880100250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.7254610061645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7058109641075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.6629752516746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6459720134735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18396474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465888","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","level":3,"score":0.6452600359916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6246086359024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6131157279014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779072331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1597418","display_name":"Visual cryptography","level":4,"score":0.606423556804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.531999409198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5084809064865112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778950925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4672474","display_name":"Access structure","level":4,"score":0.49127310514450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4740830659866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4294450283050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42304015159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4133145809173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27686044573783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25854018330574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2435343861579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.17340341210365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11513933539390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2018.8517227","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 9th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology (iCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988245022","https://openalex.org/W1999994834","https://openalex.org/W2016243271","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2065653612","https://openalex.org/W2079811950","https://openalex.org/W2091177999","https://openalex.org/W2104802120","https://openalex.org/W2123180460","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2142884912","https://openalex.org/W2159269332","https://openalex.org/W2159785038","https://openalex.org/W2159978942","https://openalex.org/W2616163540","https://openalex.org/W2751049056","https://openalex.org/W2913419753","https://openalex.org/W2970097841","https://openalex.org/W4236789552","https://openalex.org/W6675816385","https://openalex.org/W6698135423","https://openalex.org/W6758417790"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032053269","https://openalex.org/W2006088653","https://openalex.org/W2080234894","https://openalex.org/W1995566873","https://openalex.org/W2768332800","https://openalex.org/W2741120563","https://openalex.org/W395932944","https://openalex.org/W1552579947","https://openalex.org/W2899963024","https://openalex.org/W2049504866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31],"secret":[1,11,33],"sharing":[2,34],"(SS)":[3],"scheme":[4,36],"is":[5,37,57],"a":[6,10,49],"cryptosystem":[7],"which":[8],"encrypts":[9],"into":[12],"multiple":[13],"pieces,":[14],"called":[15],"shares,":[16],"so":[17,67],"that":[18,68],"only":[19],"qualified":[20],"combination":[21],"of":[22,40,97],"shares":[23],"can":[24,45,72],"be":[25,46],"employed":[26],"to":[27,60,83,88],"recover":[28],"the":[29,62,69,75,85,95],"secret.":[30],"visual":[32],"(VSS)":[35],"an":[38,58,90],"example":[39],"SS":[41],"schemes":[42],"whose":[43],"decryption":[44],"performed":[47],"by":[48],"human":[50],"without":[51],"any":[52],"numerical":[53],"computations.":[54],"This":[55],"paper":[56],"attempt":[59],"modify":[61],"structural":[63,76],"similarity":[64],"(SSIM)":[65],"index":[66,87],"modified":[70,86],"one":[71],"measure":[73],"both":[74],"and":[77,81],"tonal":[78],"similarities":[79],"simultaneously":[80],"then":[82],"employ":[84],"give":[89],"optimization-based":[91],"halftoning":[92],"suitable":[93],"for":[94],"encryption":[96],"VSS":[98],"schemes.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}