{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2541114189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","title":"Extracting a spatial ontology from a large Flickr tag dataset","display_name":"Extracting a spatial ontology from a large Flickr tag dataset","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2541114189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","mag":"2541114189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025722799","display_name":"Takeshi Sasaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-5412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takeshi Sasaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086967672","display_name":"Yuichi Yaguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuichi Yaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026370198","display_name":"Yutaka Watanobe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0030-3859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutaka Watanobe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112640795","display_name":"Ryuichi Oka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryuichi Oka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aizu, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"106","issue":null,"first_page":"91","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.8070824146270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8032991886138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7094211578369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5729925036430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5334907174110413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5005466938018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4890185296535492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4651428461074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2972814440727234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1779397428035736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.17051449418067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09712502360343933}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.8070824146270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8032991886138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7094211578369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5729925036430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5334907174110413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5005466938018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4890185296535492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4651428461074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2972814440727234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1779397428035736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.17051449418067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09712502360343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icawst.2012.6469595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97814940","https://openalex.org/W291570921","https://openalex.org/W1494995397","https://openalex.org/W1516181739","https://openalex.org/W1536860849","https://openalex.org/W1554338108","https://openalex.org/W1603133761","https://openalex.org/W1977001629","https://openalex.org/W2004152272","https://openalex.org/W2017102965","https://openalex.org/W2021975707","https://openalex.org/W2028406909","https://openalex.org/W2037498077","https://openalex.org/W2038187915","https://openalex.org/W2052289317","https://openalex.org/W2061681393","https://openalex.org/W2070722739","https://openalex.org/W2072688741","https://openalex.org/W2079672501","https://openalex.org/W2082086964","https://openalex.org/W2087194317","https://openalex.org/W2102381086","https://openalex.org/W2107658650","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2114254223","https://openalex.org/W2121855012","https://openalex.org/W2124637492","https://openalex.org/W2127856243","https://openalex.org/W2130790725","https://openalex.org/W2138621811","https://openalex.org/W2144885342","https://openalex.org/W2145311040","https://openalex.org/W2152825437","https://openalex.org/W2154005727","https://openalex.org/W2158767046","https://openalex.org/W2161605580","https://openalex.org/W2162438644","https://openalex.org/W2166779843","https://openalex.org/W2168165576","https://openalex.org/W2613744429","https://openalex.org/W3004274490","https://openalex.org/W3103786587","https://openalex.org/W4211022387","https://openalex.org/W4240407914","https://openalex.org/W6604026625","https://openalex.org/W6632737134","https://openalex.org/W6676985858","https://openalex.org/W6678362882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003333417","https://openalex.org/W2378862226","https://openalex.org/W2355326633","https://openalex.org/W1983454176","https://openalex.org/W2804669904","https://openalex.org/W2149777447","https://openalex.org/W2347456287","https://openalex.org/W2121651557","https://openalex.org/W2044660641","https://openalex.org/W2044769131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,68],"propose":[1,69],"an":[2,139],"easy":[3,55],"framework":[4],"for":[5,72],"automatically":[6],"constructing":[7],"spatial":[8,75,106,147],"ontologies":[9,53],"that":[10,121,132],"locate":[11],"related":[12],"concepts":[13],"together":[14],"in":[15,24,94,97],"a":[16,70,74,137],"space.":[17],"The":[18,118],"conventional":[19],"graph":[20],"representation":[21],"is":[22,32,48],"strong":[23],"showing":[25],"direct":[26],"relationships":[27,65],"between":[28,46,66],"entities,":[29],"but":[30,104],"it":[31,83],"difficult":[33],"to":[34,56,61,84],"process":[35],"its":[36],"topology":[37],"when":[38],"extracting":[39],"features":[40],"from":[41,89,129,145],"the":[42,62,105,110,146],"network,":[43],"because":[44],"similarity":[45],"networks":[47],"not":[49],"well":[50],"determined.":[51],"Spatial":[52],"are":[54],"cluster":[57],"and":[58,81],"classify":[59],"according":[60],"similarities":[63],"or":[64],"entities.":[67],"method":[71],"creating":[73],"ontology":[76,107],"called":[77],"\u201cAssociated":[78],"Keyword":[79],"Space\u201d":[80],"apply":[82],"0.4M":[85],"tag":[86],"words":[87],"collected":[88],"more":[90],"than":[91],"1M":[92],"images":[93],"Flickr.":[95],"Tags":[96],"Flickr":[98],"have":[99,133],"many":[100],"unknown":[101,115,123],"word":[102,116,124],"tags,":[103],"can":[108,126,142],"explain":[109],"clusters":[111],"of":[112],"meaning":[113],"including":[114],"tags.":[117],"results":[119],"show":[120],"these":[122],"tags":[125,131],"be":[127,143],"found":[128],"neighbor":[130],"clear":[134],"meanings.":[135],"As":[136],"result,":[138],"\u201carea":[140],"ontology\u201d":[141],"explained":[144],"ontology.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}