{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385485016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235","title":"Deep Learning Based UAV Payload Recognition","display_name":"Deep Learning Based UAV Payload Recognition","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385485016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Workshops (ICASSPW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074365322","display_name":"Lars Sommer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-5959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111500","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx97922","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lars Sommer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhoferstrasse 1,Karlsruhe,Germany,76131","Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhoferstrasse 1,Karlsruhe,Germany,76131","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055212197","display_name":"Raphael Spraul","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111500","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx97922","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raphael Spraul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhoferstrasse 1,Karlsruhe,Germany,76131","Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhoferstrasse 1,Karlsruhe,Germany,76131","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074365322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80617509,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.9101340174674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.786146879196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5548372268676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.5022382736206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.48087838292121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.46995997428894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.43106067180633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.42048850655555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4178518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1482343077659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.12765300273895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1088860034942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.09247374534606934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.9101340174674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.786146879196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5548372268676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.5022382736206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.48087838292121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.46995997428894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.43106067180633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.42048850655555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4178518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1482343077659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.12765300273895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1088860034942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.09247374534606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icasspw59220.2023.10193235","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Workshops (ICASSPW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/446537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/446537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2765393545","https://openalex.org/W2766821365","https://openalex.org/W2889985731","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963855133","https://openalex.org/W2986358680","https://openalex.org/W3034429256","https://openalex.org/W3036934147","https://openalex.org/W3044875250","https://openalex.org/W3089146878","https://openalex.org/W3094392717","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3099319035","https://openalex.org/W3116012398","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3152799002","https://openalex.org/W3153216549","https://openalex.org/W3153515319","https://openalex.org/W3198049234","https://openalex.org/W4205646470","https://openalex.org/W4226017805","https://openalex.org/W4282018387","https://openalex.org/W4283656081","https://openalex.org/W4288804646","https://openalex.org/W4289668478","https://openalex.org/W4291465607","https://openalex.org/W4312349930","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4312769131","https://openalex.org/W4385346076","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6784393439","https://openalex.org/W6811173682","https://openalex.org/W6840866624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W4388685194","https://openalex.org/W4312407344","https://openalex.org/W2894289927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,16,44,48],"the":[2,10,50,70,96,153],"increased":[3],"availability":[4],"of":[5,41,98,141,144],"unmanned":[6],"aerial":[7],"vehicles":[8],"(UAVs),":[9],"demand":[11],"for":[12,29,69,85],"automated":[13],"counter-UAV":[14],"systems":[15,31],"protect":[17],"facilities":[18],"or":[19,23,60],"areas":[20],"from":[21,152,158],"misused":[22],"threatening":[24],"UAVs":[25,145],"is":[26],"growing.":[27],"Fundamental":[28],"these":[30],"are":[32,53,82,132],"fast":[33],"and":[34,56,79,88,119,134,147,155],"accurate":[35],"detection":[36,71],"as":[37,39,126],"well":[38],"identification":[40],"potential":[42,51,97],"threats":[43],"initiate":[45],"countermeasures.":[46],"Criteria":[47],"classify":[49],"threat":[52],"UAV":[54,86,99,161],"type":[55,87],"payload.":[57],"Though":[58],"thermal":[59],"electro":[61],"optical":[62],"(EO)":[63],"imagery":[64,150,156],"have":[65],"been":[66],"widely":[67],"applied":[68],"task,":[72],"other":[73],"sensor":[74],"modalities,":[75],"i.e.":[76],"acoustic,":[77],"radar":[78],"radio":[80],"frequency,":[81],"predominately":[83],"used":[84],"payload":[89,100],"classification.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"work,":[93],"we":[94,114],"examine":[95],"classification":[101],"in":[102],"EO":[103],"imagery,":[104],"which":[105],"facilitates":[106],"direct":[107],"interpretability":[108],"by":[109],"human":[110],"operators.":[111],"For":[112],"this,":[113],"compare":[115],"conventional":[116],"CNN-based":[117],"architectures":[118,121,131],"recent":[120],"exploiting":[122],"self-attention":[123],"mechanisms":[124],"such":[125],"Vision":[127],"Transformers.":[128],"The":[129],"different":[130],"trained":[133],"evaluated":[135],"on":[136],"a":[137],"novel":[138],"dataset":[139],"composed":[140],"own":[142],"recordings":[143],"with":[146],"without":[148],"payload,":[149],"crawled":[151],"Internet":[154],"taken":[157],"publicly":[159],"available":[160],"datasets.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}