{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408353782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152","title":"Knocking on IP: Unveiling Websites through Cache-Aware Fingerprinting","display_name":"Knocking on IP: Unveiling Websites through Cache-Aware Fingerprinting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408353782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356037","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9442-700X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086663592","display_name":"Yifei Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110574232","display_name":"Yujia Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujia Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102192448","display_name":"Yong Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8282-1392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101922475","display_name":"Yong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8847-8337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049222324","display_name":"Xiaoou Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01691767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7366687059402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.6779572367668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4263164699077606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41942405700683594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7366687059402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.6779572367668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4263164699077606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41942405700683594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655958391","https://openalex.org/W2783301790","https://openalex.org/W2794204805","https://openalex.org/W2895212262","https://openalex.org/W2956281981","https://openalex.org/W2963704216","https://openalex.org/W3116203245","https://openalex.org/W3185399449","https://openalex.org/W4309773398","https://openalex.org/W4387060706","https://openalex.org/W4388858184","https://openalex.org/W4389666638","https://openalex.org/W6693724512","https://openalex.org/W6716001921","https://openalex.org/W6780001716","https://openalex.org/W6810135632","https://openalex.org/W6846488233","https://openalex.org/W6849030999","https://openalex.org/W6856643151"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"user":[1,170],"privacy":[2,171],"becomes":[3],"increasingly":[4],"critical":[5],"in":[6,20,50,59,65,132,169],"the":[7,29,43,99,142,149,164],"digital":[8],"landscape,":[9],"traditional":[10,88],"methods":[11,162],"of":[12,31,46,61,118,144,151],"website":[13],"fingerprinting":[14],"(WF)":[15],"face":[16],"significant":[17],"challenges,":[18],"particularly":[19],"caching":[21,51,133,152],"scenarios.":[22],"Existing":[23],"WF":[24],"studies":[25],"are":[26],"limited":[27],"by":[28],"assumption":[30],"disabled":[32],"caching.":[33],"Recently,":[34],"only":[35,140],"a":[36,71,112],"few":[37],"have":[38,57],"explored":[39],"how":[40],"to":[41,84,93],"address":[42],"potential":[44],"problem":[45],"model":[47],"performance":[48],"degradation":[49],"scenarios,":[52],"but":[53,146],"what":[54],"they":[55],"propose":[56,70],"limitations":[58],"terms":[60],"transferability":[62],"and":[63,90,160,172],"practicality":[64],"existing":[66],"conditions.":[67],"However,":[68],"we":[69,137],"deep":[72],"learning":[73],"method":[74,110],"based":[75],"solely":[76],"on":[77,105,154],"IP":[78],"fingerprints,":[79],"which":[80],"is":[81,91],"more":[82],"resilient":[83],"network":[85],"fluctuations":[86],"than":[87],"features":[89,97],"able":[92],"extract":[94],"effective":[95],"local":[96],"from":[98],"fluctuating":[100],"sequences.":[101],"Furthermore,":[102],"when":[103],"tested":[104],"simulated":[106],"cached":[107],"datasets,":[108],"our":[109,123,157],"achieves":[111],"remarkable":[113],"stability":[114],"with":[115],"an":[116],"accuracy":[117,143],"96.10%.":[119],"These":[120],"findings":[121],"underscore":[122],"model\u2019s":[124],"suitability":[125],"for":[126,166],"identifying":[127],"websites":[128],"amidst":[129],"mixed-length":[130],"sequences":[131],"contexts.":[134],"The":[135],"solution":[136],"provide":[138],"not":[139],"improves":[141],"identification,":[145],"also":[147],"reveals":[148],"impact":[150],"mechanisms":[153],"privacy.":[155],"Meanwhile,":[156],"comprehensive":[158],"dataset":[159],"innovative":[161],"pave":[163],"way":[165],"future":[167],"research":[168],"WF.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}