{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408355199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149","title":"Automatic Labelling & Semantic Segmentation with 4D Radar Tensors","display_name":"Automatic Labelling & Semantic Segmentation with 4D Radar Tensors","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408355199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057575724","display_name":"Bo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-8755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Botao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021981952","display_name":"Ignacio Roldan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-7963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ignacio Roldan","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007936497","display_name":"Francesco Fioranelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8254-8093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Fioranelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft,Microwave Sensing, Signals & Systems (MS3) Group,Dept. of Microelectronics,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8048,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89657317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9466000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9362000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labelling","display_name":"Labelling","score":0.7870482802391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.669183075428009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5937426686286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47918832302093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4691915214061737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35371026396751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3390783369541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32721006870269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11920309066772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08834069967269897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780523633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380709","display_name":"Labelling","level":2,"score":0.7870482802391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.669183075428009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5937426686286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47918832302093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4691915214061737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35371026396751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3390783369541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32721006870269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11920309066772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08834069967269897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2996945478","https://openalex.org/W3008105217","https://openalex.org/W3171843835","https://openalex.org/W4214755140","https://openalex.org/W4312376118","https://openalex.org/W4386071839","https://openalex.org/W4392012792","https://openalex.org/W4403674881","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6845720290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525479493","https://openalex.org/W1976633635","https://openalex.org/W2396436470","https://openalex.org/W1970064489","https://openalex.org/W4241622628","https://openalex.org/W1991894391","https://openalex.org/W2070829827","https://openalex.org/W2078502149","https://openalex.org/W2022106528","https://openalex.org/W2380886523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"an":[3],"automatic":[4],"labelling":[5],"process":[6],"is":[7],"presented":[8],"for":[9],"automotive":[10],"datasets,":[11],"leveraging":[12],"on":[13],"complementary":[14],"information":[15],"from":[16,97],"LiDAR":[17,75],"and":[18,84],"camera.":[19],"The":[20],"generated":[21],"labels":[22],"are":[23,54],"then":[24],"used":[25],"as":[26,35],"ground":[27],"truth":[28],"with":[29,66],"the":[30,61,67,74,98],"corresponding":[31],"4D":[32],"radar":[33],"data":[34],"inputs":[36],"to":[37,43,48,60,94],"a":[38,45],"proposed":[39,68],"semantic":[40],"segmentation":[41],"network,":[42],"associate":[44],"class":[46],"label":[47],"each":[49],"spatial":[50],"voxel.":[51],"Promising":[52],"results":[53],"shown":[55],"by":[56],"applying":[57],"both":[58],"approaches":[59],"publicly":[62],"shared":[63],"RaDelft":[64],"dataset,":[65],"network":[69],"achieving":[70],"over":[71],"65%":[72],"of":[73,90],"detection":[76,82],"performance,":[77],"improving":[78],"13.2%":[79],"in":[80,88],"vehicle":[81],"probability,":[83],"reducing":[85],"0.54":[86],"m":[87],"terms":[89],"Chamfer":[91],"distance,":[92],"compared":[93],"variants":[95],"inspired":[96],"literature.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}