{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4375869024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287","title":"Improving Contextual Biasing with Text Injection","display_name":"Improving Contextual Biasing with Text Injection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4375869024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070513394","display_name":"Tara N. Sainath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-6556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tara N. Sainath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032640894","display_name":"Rohit Prabhavalkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5331-6058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Prabhavalkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021056932","display_name":"Diamantino Caseiro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diamantino Caseiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066360541","display_name":"Pat Rondon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pat Rondon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030888546","display_name":"Cyril Allauzen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cyril Allauzen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070513394"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.049,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80558296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.786689043045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7235325574874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6552579998970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6034791469573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5757023692131042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.560484766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biasing","display_name":"Biasing","score":0.43220123648643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-inference","display_name":"Indirect Inference","score":0.43020039796829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.41732877492904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41276708245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3517732620239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33806711435317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.17927038669586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08778703212738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07451921701431274}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.786689043045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7235325574874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6552579998970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6034791469573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5757023692131042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.560484766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.43220123648643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779793024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17299941","display_name":"Indirect Inference","level":3,"score":0.43020039796829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41732877492904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41276708245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3517732620239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33806711435317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.17927038669586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08778703212738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07451921701431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096287","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033256038","https://openalex.org/W2046932483","https://openalex.org/W2121879602","https://openalex.org/W2403440562","https://openalex.org/W2526425061","https://openalex.org/W2886319145","https://openalex.org/W2888975141","https://openalex.org/W2936774411","https://openalex.org/W2962760690","https://openalex.org/W2972625221","https://openalex.org/W3007227084","https://openalex.org/W3008181812","https://openalex.org/W3016234571","https://openalex.org/W3028545098","https://openalex.org/W3097777922","https://openalex.org/W3097794466","https://openalex.org/W3148001440","https://openalex.org/W3163203022","https://openalex.org/W3163907627","https://openalex.org/W3197976839","https://openalex.org/W3198004110","https://openalex.org/W3198442913","https://openalex.org/W3198602963","https://openalex.org/W3202725408","https://openalex.org/W3205644108","https://openalex.org/W3207222250","https://openalex.org/W4221155340","https://openalex.org/W4223622550","https://openalex.org/W4225289150","https://openalex.org/W4225319488","https://openalex.org/W4225529283","https://openalex.org/W4225985539","https://openalex.org/W4226120743","https://openalex.org/W4226292626","https://openalex.org/W4319862232","https://openalex.org/W4319862474","https://openalex.org/W6803092890","https://openalex.org/W6810259195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123153823","https://openalex.org/W3145806570","https://openalex.org/W4236454640","https://openalex.org/W3209999173","https://openalex.org/W4287370906","https://openalex.org/W3124186369","https://openalex.org/W3122833896","https://openalex.org/W1486199075","https://openalex.org/W4301465312","https://openalex.org/W2952514880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3,23],"present":[4],"a":[5,44,72],"model-based":[6,78],"approach":[7],"to":[8,76],"improving":[9],"contextual":[10],"biasing":[11,79],"that":[12,37,83],"improves":[13,94],"quality":[14],"without":[15],"drastically":[16],"increasing":[17],"model":[18,66],"computation":[19,67],"during":[20,29,68],"inference.":[21],"Specifically,":[22],"look":[24],"at":[25,41],"injecting":[26],"text":[27,46,55],"data":[28,56],"training":[30],"which":[31,70],"is":[32,63,71],"representative":[33],"of":[34,96],"contextually-relevant":[35],"context":[36,92],"will":[38],"be":[39],"seen":[40],"inference,":[42,69],"using":[43],"modality-matching":[45],"injection":[47],"method":[48],"known":[49],"as":[50],"JOIST.":[51],"As":[52],"JOIST":[53],"injects":[54],"directly":[57],"into":[58],"the":[59],"E2E":[60],"model,":[61,93],"there":[62],"no":[64],"additional":[65],"big":[73],"difference":[74],"compared":[75],"most":[77],"techniques.":[80],"We":[81],"find":[82],"our":[84],"proposed":[85],"approach,":[86],"when":[87],"combined":[88],"with":[89],"an":[90],"FST-based":[91],"recognition":[95],"contacts":[97],"between":[98],"5\u201315%":[99],"relative.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
