{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4372270236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428","title":"To Wake-Up or Not to Wake-Up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinement","display_name":"To Wake-Up or Not to Wake-Up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinement","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4372270236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040083798","display_name":"Yashas Malur Saidutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8487-0219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yashas Malur Saidutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039893379","display_name":"Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028862537","display_name":"Ching-Hua Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-3653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Hua Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071383028","display_name":"Chouchang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3506-6121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chouchang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058974318","display_name":"Yilin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-1529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilin Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044205212","display_name":"Hongxia Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0222-4217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxia Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America,Mountain View,CA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.9863868355751038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8511459827423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.7014155387878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alarm","display_name":"ALARM","score":0.5752688050270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5423113107681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","score":0.5372675657272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5120766758918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.4847409427165985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4360595941543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3623277544975281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.360262393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0787959098815918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.9863868355751038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8511459827423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.7014155387878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294350","display_name":"ALARM","level":2,"score":0.5752688050270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5423113107681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5372675657272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5120766758918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.4847409427165985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4360595941543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3623277544975281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.360262393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0787959098815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10095428","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2219249508","https://openalex.org/W2407023693","https://openalex.org/W2587529061","https://openalex.org/W2593116425","https://openalex.org/W2593216051","https://openalex.org/W2797583228","https://openalex.org/W2888641632","https://openalex.org/W2905687271","https://openalex.org/W2910655080","https://openalex.org/W2953219395","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963587345","https://openalex.org/W2964187693","https://openalex.org/W2964323211","https://openalex.org/W2972792496","https://openalex.org/W2973226577","https://openalex.org/W2982471419","https://openalex.org/W3007947150","https://openalex.org/W3015287265","https://openalex.org/W3019293601","https://openalex.org/W3082696729","https://openalex.org/W3094791070","https://openalex.org/W3095012737","https://openalex.org/W3098773154","https://openalex.org/W3160521245","https://openalex.org/W3196496149","https://openalex.org/W3198035615","https://openalex.org/W3198850376","https://openalex.org/W3217298103","https://openalex.org/W4206567542","https://openalex.org/W4289665794","https://openalex.org/W6688816777","https://openalex.org/W6750665317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918559346","https://openalex.org/W2114097550","https://openalex.org/W4286904253","https://openalex.org/W3119978414","https://openalex.org/W2516975559","https://openalex.org/W2545741539","https://openalex.org/W3206647229","https://openalex.org/W1969408022","https://openalex.org/W2000885660","https://openalex.org/W2117995638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Keyword":[0],"spotting":[1,68,163],"systems":[2,19],"continuously":[3],"process":[4],"audio":[5,84],"streams":[6],"to":[7,21,51,116,127,139,159],"detect":[8],"keywords.":[9],"One":[10],"of":[11,59,130,142],"the":[12,29,36,57,77,82,92,119],"most":[13],"challenging":[14],"tasks":[15],"in":[16],"designing":[17],"such":[18],"is":[20,85,94,153],"reduce":[22],"False":[23],"Alarm":[24],"(FA)":[25],"which":[26,101],"happens":[27],"when":[28],"system":[30,78],"falsely":[31],"registers":[32],"a":[33,46,128,140],"keyword":[34,37,67,102,162],"despite":[35],"not":[38],"being":[39],"uttered.":[40,104],"In":[41],"this":[42,52],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"propose":[45],"simple":[47],"yet":[48],"elegant":[49],"solution":[50],"problem":[53],"that":[54,64],"follows":[55],"from":[56,113],"law":[58],"total":[60],"probability.":[61],"We":[62,105],"show":[63,106],"existing":[65],"deep":[66,161],"mechanisms":[69],"can":[70,156],"be":[71,157],"improved":[72],"by":[73,90,125],"Successive":[74],"Refinement,":[75],"where":[76],"first":[79],"classifies":[80,100],"whether":[81,91],"input":[83,93],"speech":[86],"or":[87,96],"not,":[88,97],"followed":[89],"keyword-like":[95],"and":[98,137,155],"finally":[99],"was":[103],"across":[107],"multiple":[108],"models":[109],"with":[110],"size":[111],"ranging":[112],"13K":[114],"parameters":[115],"2.41M":[117],"parameters,":[118],"successive":[120],"refinement":[121],"technique":[122],"reduces":[123],"FA":[124,135,147],"up":[126,138],"factor":[129,141],"8":[131],"on":[132,144],"in-domain":[133],"held-out":[134],"data,":[136],"7":[143],"out-of-domain":[145],"(OOD)":[146],"data.":[148],"Further,":[149],"our":[150],"proposed":[151],"approach":[152],"\"plug-and-play\"":[154],"applied":[158],"any":[160],"model.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
