{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392902878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438","title":"CPAUG: Refining Copy-Paste Augmentation for Speech Anti-Spoofing","display_name":"CPAUG: Refining Copy-Paste Augmentation for Speech Anti-Spoofing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392902878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075377676","display_name":"Linjuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4704-5807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","display_name":"National Institute of Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ksd4g47","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I184597095","https://openalex.org/I4210158934"]}],"countries":["CN","JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linjuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Informatics,Tokyo,Japan","Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Informatics,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004287909","display_name":"Kong Aik Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-3000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kong Aik Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China","The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351795","display_name":"Lin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-2850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","display_name":"National Institute of Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ksd4g47","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I184597095","https://openalex.org/I4210158934"]}],"countries":["CN","JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Informatics,Tokyo,Japan","Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Informatics,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101745213","display_name":"Longbiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-6861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longbiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033118635","display_name":"Baoning Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-3384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoning Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075377676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095","https://openalex.org/I9086337"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90655394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"10996","last_page":"11000"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7976480722427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.772413969039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.5775768160820007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.5691226720809937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5587904453277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.5484115481376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.47183850407600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substitution","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","score":0.4223620295524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.41421326994895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34827014803886414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.10885840654373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10730937123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08726799488067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.07491254806518555}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7976480722427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.772413969039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5775768160820007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.5691226720809937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5587904453277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.5484115481376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.47183850407600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522579","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4223620295524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.41421326994895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34827014803886414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.10885840654373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10730937123298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08726799488067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.07491254806518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp48485.2024.10446438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7684583585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJFS2136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8520799153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336035","display_name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123299109","https://openalex.org/W2576309025","https://openalex.org/W2936802426","https://openalex.org/W2951639392","https://openalex.org/W2964243274","https://openalex.org/W2967606780","https://openalex.org/W2971296908","https://openalex.org/W2982103617","https://openalex.org/W3015889230","https://openalex.org/W3026777299","https://openalex.org/W3113108043","https://openalex.org/W3162890625","https://openalex.org/W3197358873","https://openalex.org/W3197457172","https://openalex.org/W3201773091","https://openalex.org/W3207579445","https://openalex.org/W3211424380","https://openalex.org/W4297841233","https://openalex.org/W4313306150","https://openalex.org/W4372260590","https://openalex.org/W4375869126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W3095575180","https://openalex.org/W2389596151","https://openalex.org/W4221148444","https://openalex.org/W2188559950","https://openalex.org/W4226054107","https://openalex.org/W4387678054","https://openalex.org/W2989910292","https://openalex.org/W2998478967","https://openalex.org/W3128793638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"copy-paste":[1,26,36],"augmentations":[2],"generate":[3,44],"new":[4],"training":[5,46],"instances":[6],"by":[7],"concatenating":[8],"existing":[9],"utterances":[10,60],"to":[11,43,58,66,121],"increase":[12],"the":[13,22,35,75,89,97,105,110,129,136],"amount":[14],"of":[15,25,77,112,124,145],"data":[16,47],"for":[17,28,38,88],"neural":[18],"network":[19],"training.":[20],"However,":[21],"direct":[23],"application":[24],"augmentation":[27,37,99],"anti-spoofing":[29],"is":[30],"problematic.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"refines":[34],"speech":[39,113],"anti-spoofing,":[40],"dubbed":[41],"CpAug,":[42],"more":[45],"with":[48,61,117],"rich":[49],"intra-class":[50],"diversity.":[51],"The":[52],"CpAug":[53,95,107,116,137],"employs":[54],"two":[55],"policies:":[56],"concatenation":[57],"merge":[59],"identical":[62],"labels,":[63],"and":[64,79,126,132,138],"substitution":[65,118],"replace":[67],"segments":[68],"in":[69],"an":[70,143],"anchor":[71],"utterance.":[72],"Besides,":[73],"considering":[74],"impacts":[76],"speakers":[78],"spoofing":[80],"attack":[81],"types,":[82],"we":[83,92],"craft":[84],"four":[85],"blending":[86],"strategies":[87],"CpAug.":[90],"Furthermore,":[91],"explore":[93],"how":[94],"complements":[96],"Rawboost":[98,139],"method.":[100],"Experimental":[101],"results":[102],"reveal":[103],"that":[104],"proposed":[106],"significantly":[108],"improves":[109],"performance":[111],"anti-spoofing.":[114],"Particularly,":[115],"policy":[119],"leads":[120],"relative":[122],"improvements":[123],"43%":[125],"38%":[127],"on":[128,147],"ASVspoof\u2019":[130,148],"19LA":[131],"21LA,":[133],"respectively.":[134],"Notably,":[135],"synergize":[140],"effectively,":[141],"achieving":[142],"EER":[144],"2.91%":[146],"21LA.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-23T09:07:50.710637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
