{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015962256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","title":"Unsupervised Key Hand Shape Discovery of Sign Language Videos with Correspondence Sparse Autoencoders","display_name":"Unsupervised Key Hand Shape Discovery of Sign Language Videos with Correspondence Sparse Autoencoders","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015962256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","mag":"3015962256"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080107359","display_name":"Recep Doga Siyli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Recep Doga Siyli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University,Turkey","Bogazici University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002432687","display_name":"Batuhan G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-7519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Batuhan Gundogdu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University,Turkey","Bogazici University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055086464","display_name":"Murat Sara\u00e7lar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-8510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Saraclar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University,Turkey","Bogazici University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064788653","display_name":"Lale Akarun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lale Akarun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University,Turkey","Bogazici University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080107359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54804676,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"8179","last_page":"8183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8291245698928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.7957276105880737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7090383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.6800817251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6164231896400452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.505709171295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5012726783752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.500523567199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.49918222427368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.48385751247406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4558892846107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4505109488964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43781739473342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.42912307381629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.38525834679603577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36020877957344055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8291245698928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.7957276105880737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7090383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.6800817251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6164231896400452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.505709171295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5012726783752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.500523567199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.49918222427368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.48385751247406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4558892846107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4505109488964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43781739473342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.42912307381629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38525834679603577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36020877957344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581810680","https://openalex.org/W782320757","https://openalex.org/W1042241073","https://openalex.org/W1506441995","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1537578685","https://openalex.org/W1545920196","https://openalex.org/W1796128977","https://openalex.org/W1964636205","https://openalex.org/W1975275129","https://openalex.org/W1993928670","https://openalex.org/W1998206053","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2463640844","https://openalex.org/W2746301562","https://openalex.org/W2755802490","https://openalex.org/W2883725317","https://openalex.org/W2888924343","https://openalex.org/W2937532208","https://openalex.org/W2938490304","https://openalex.org/W2950180292","https://openalex.org/W2963169737","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964998181","https://openalex.org/W2972281843","https://openalex.org/W2973013862","https://openalex.org/W2977260030","https://openalex.org/W2991087169","https://openalex.org/W3114817047","https://openalex.org/W4387001449","https://openalex.org/W6622624904","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638159135","https://openalex.org/W6753000030","https://openalex.org/W6766332872","https://openalex.org/W6767155930","https://openalex.org/W6857163718","https://openalex.org/W7056450516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2734887215","https://openalex.org/W4297051394","https://openalex.org/W2806873178","https://openalex.org/W2965146396","https://openalex.org/W2770818364","https://openalex.org/W4312416532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recognition":[0],"of":[1,80,98,116],"sign":[2,14],"language":[3,15],"is":[4],"a":[5,60,119],"difficult":[6],"task":[7],"which":[8,110],"often":[9],"requires":[10],"tedious":[11],"annotations":[12,24,40],"by":[13],"experts.":[16],"End-to-end":[17],"learning":[18,46,56,157],"attempts":[19],"that":[20,37,91,107],"bypass":[21],"frame":[22,65],"level":[23,66],"have":[25,52,92],"achieved":[26,53],"some":[27],"success":[28,94],"in":[29,55,95,102,118,139,147],"limited":[30],"datasets,":[31],"but":[32],"it":[33],"has":[34,151],"been":[35],"shown":[36],"high":[38,63],"quality":[39,64],"improve":[41],"performance":[42],"drastically.":[43],"Recent":[44],"unsupervised":[45,69,96,126],"methods":[47],"using":[48,68,86,125,144],"deep":[49],"neural":[50,88],"networks":[51],"successes":[54],"feature":[57],"extraction.":[58],"Yet":[59],"technique":[61],"for":[62],"classification":[67],"techniques":[70],"does":[71],"not":[72],"exist.":[73],"In":[74,142],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77],"assign":[78],"labels":[79],"an":[81,148],"isolated":[82,140],"Sign":[83],"Language(SL)":[84],"dataset":[85,121],"end-to-end":[87],"network":[89],"architectures":[90],"proven":[93],"discovery":[97],"sub-word":[99],"acoustic":[100],"units":[101],"speech":[103],"processing.":[104],"We":[105],"observe":[106],"key-hand-shape":[108],"s(KHS),":[109],"are":[111],"meaningful":[112],"visual":[113],"basic":[114],"parts":[115],"signs":[117],"SL":[120],"can":[122,131],"be":[123],"detected":[124],"clustering":[127],"techniques.":[128],"Sparse":[129],"autoencoders":[130],"successfully":[132],"retrieve":[133],"and":[134],"cluster":[135],"KHS":[136],"s":[137],"used":[138],"signs.":[141],"addition,":[143],"correspondent":[145],"frames":[146],"autoencoder":[149],"scheme":[150],"the":[152,156],"power":[153],"to":[154],"continue":[155],"process.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
