{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015535979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","title":"High-Accuracy Classification of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with L<sub>2,1</sub>-Norm Linear Discriminant Analysis","display_name":"High-Accuracy Classification of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with L<sub>2,1</sub>-Norm Linear Discriminant Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015535979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","mag":"3015535979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068397071","display_name":"Yibin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-8038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yibin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086036308","display_name":"Xufei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-4437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xufei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383134","display_name":"Ying Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4605-3717"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Translational Imaging, Columbian University & NYPSI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Translational Imaging, Columbian University & NYPSI, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027049854","display_name":"Yuan Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-3206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028119374","display_name":"Aimin Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-934X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aimin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100359300","display_name":"Xiaofeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1310-6739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068397071"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48140426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1170","last_page":"1174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10537","display_name":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.689250648021698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.666020929813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder","display_name":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","score":0.6349046230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.5985777974128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5772503018379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.5053055882453918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5044323205947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4857400059700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.4799409508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.47892460227012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4495283365249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44001147150993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3171205520629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25253361463546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.17842432856559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.1277349591255188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.689250648021698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.666020929813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780783007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181923","display_name":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","level":2,"score":0.6349046230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.5985777974128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5772503018379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.5053055882453918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5044323205947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4857400059700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.4799409508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.47892460227012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4495283365249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44001147150993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3171205520629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25253361463546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.17842432856559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.1277349591255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984756294","https://openalex.org/W2027299889","https://openalex.org/W2075529349","https://openalex.org/W2092861764","https://openalex.org/W2115919944","https://openalex.org/W2135264250","https://openalex.org/W2139540253","https://openalex.org/W2139708397","https://openalex.org/W2141938647","https://openalex.org/W2148334755","https://openalex.org/W2198238481","https://openalex.org/W2337802099","https://openalex.org/W2746145198","https://openalex.org/W2762517398","https://openalex.org/W2765820969","https://openalex.org/W2805150194","https://openalex.org/W2883007096","https://openalex.org/W2883943146","https://openalex.org/W2912710912","https://openalex.org/W2922276379","https://openalex.org/W2926762617","https://openalex.org/W2944224170","https://openalex.org/W2946763314","https://openalex.org/W6761230009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350751952","https://openalex.org/W1999647744","https://openalex.org/W2362114017","https://openalex.org/W3147024994","https://openalex.org/W2063246903","https://openalex.org/W2374055396","https://openalex.org/W1978302214","https://openalex.org/W2021817983","https://openalex.org/W3008559849","https://openalex.org/W2371177901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Attention":[0],"Deficit":[1],"Hyperactivity":[2],"Disorder":[3],"(ADHD)":[4],"is":[5,18,42,112,137],"a":[6,38,60],"high":[7],"incidence":[8],"of":[9,74,82,97,124,147,164],"neurobehavioral":[10],"disease":[11],"in":[12,119],"school-age":[13],"children.":[14],"Its":[15],"neurobiological":[16],"classification":[17,25,40,67],"meaningful":[19],"for":[20,52,89],"clinicians.":[21],"The":[22,121],"existing":[23],"ADHD":[24,53,75,117,142],"methods":[26,158],"suffer":[27],"from":[28],"two":[29],"problems,":[30],"i.e.,":[31],"insufficient":[32,72],"data":[33,73,84,126],"and":[34,91,133],"noise":[35,102],"disturbance.":[36],"Here,":[37],"high-accuracy":[39],"method":[41,154],"proposed,":[43],"which":[44],"uses":[45],"brain":[46],"Functional":[47],"Connectivity":[48],"(FC)":[49],"as":[50,65],"material":[51],"feature":[54],"analysis.":[55],"In":[56],"detail,":[57],"we":[58],"introduce":[59],"binary":[61,78,128],"hypothesis":[62],"testing":[63],"framework":[64],"the":[66,80,94,145,150,160],"outline":[68],"to":[69,87,114,140],"cope":[70],"with":[71,159],"database.":[76],"Under":[77],"hypotheses,":[79],"FCs":[81],"test":[83],"are":[85,130],"allowed":[86],"use":[88],"training":[90,98,125],"thus":[92],"affect":[93],"subspace":[95,122],"learning":[96],"data.":[99],"To":[100],"overcome":[101],"disturbance,":[103],"an":[104,134],"l":[105],"<sub":[106],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[107],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2,1</sub>":[108],"-norm":[109],"LDA":[110],"model":[111],"adopted":[113],"robustly":[115],"learn":[116],"features":[118],"subspaces.":[120],"energies":[123],"under":[127],"hypotheses":[129],"then":[131],"calculated,":[132],"energy-based":[135],"comparison":[136],"finally":[138],"performed":[139],"identify":[141],"individuals.":[143],"On":[144],"platform":[146],"ADHD-200":[148],"database,":[149],"experiments":[151],"show":[152],"our":[153],"outperforms":[155],"other":[156],"state-of-the-art":[157],"significant":[161],"average":[162],"accuracy":[163],"97.6%.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}