{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161511849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","title":"Distribution-Aware Hierarchical Weighting Method for Deep Metric Learning","display_name":"Distribution-Aware Hierarchical Weighting Method for Deep Metric Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161511849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","mag":"3161511849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041117454","display_name":"Yinong Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044170543","display_name":"Yong Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-8388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058789711","display_name":"Mingliang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-4435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingliang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau,Taipa,Macau,China,999078"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau,Taipa,Macau,China,999078","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008213911","display_name":"Baohua Qiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3469-6590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baohua Qiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China,541004"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China,541004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035706700","display_name":"Leong Hou U","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-5165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leong Hou U","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau,Taipa,Macau,China,999078"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau,Taipa,Macau,China,999078","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101429344","display_name":"Jia-Jie Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-1477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajie Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University,Chongqing,China,400030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1770","last_page":"1774"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.7885098457336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7309575080871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6601460576057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5957018136978149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5743348598480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.5619823336601257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5431903600692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4822867214679718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.47928518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.45871973037719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.447430819272995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41687268018722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.39495915174484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3888344466686249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3815786838531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18468406796455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07287579774856567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.7885098457336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7309575080871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6601460576057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5957018136978149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5743348598480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.5619823336601257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5431903600692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4822867214679718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.47928518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.45871973037719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.447430819272995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41687268018722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39495915174484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3888344466686249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3815786838531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18468406796455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07287579774856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414864","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2138011018","https://openalex.org/W2144172034","https://openalex.org/W2555897561","https://openalex.org/W2606377603","https://openalex.org/W2707602055","https://openalex.org/W2767014173","https://openalex.org/W2778652957","https://openalex.org/W2783165089","https://openalex.org/W2921310091","https://openalex.org/W2963026686","https://openalex.org/W2963988212","https://openalex.org/W2964271799","https://openalex.org/W2969301371","https://openalex.org/W3015557549","https://openalex.org/W3015748850","https://openalex.org/W3016055451","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6681239517","https://openalex.org/W6685737233","https://openalex.org/W6730323794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W4206560911","https://openalex.org/W4372260270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,15,42],"propose":[4,43],"distribution-aware":[5,48],"hierarchical":[6,55],"weighting":[7],"(DHW)":[8],"method":[9],"for":[10],"deep":[11],"metric":[12],"learning.":[13],"First,":[14],"formulate":[16],"the":[17,24,33,39],"distributions":[18,31],"of":[19,26,57,63,78],"different":[20],"classes":[21],"according":[22],"to":[23,59],"form":[25],"gaussian":[27],"curves,":[28],"and":[29,54,80],"update":[30],"as":[32],"training":[34],"process.":[35],"Second,":[36],"depending":[37],"on":[38],"learnable":[40],"distribution,":[41],"a":[44],"loss":[45,49],"function":[46],"named":[47],"with":[50],"dynamic":[51],"mining":[52],"margins":[53],"degrees":[56],"weights":[58],"make":[60],"full":[61],"use":[62],"samples.":[64],"The":[65],"experimental":[66],"results":[67],"show":[68],"that":[69],"our":[70],"algorithm":[71],"outperforms":[72],"other":[73],"state-of-the-art":[74],"methods":[75],"in":[76],"terms":[77],"retrieval":[79],"clustering":[81],"tasks.":[82],"Code":[83],"is":[84],"available":[85],"at":[86],"https://github.com/zhuyinong1/DHW-master.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}