{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963306550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","title":"Language Model Integration Based on Memory Control for Sequence to Sequence Speech Recognition","display_name":"Language Model Integration Based on Memory Control for Sequence to Sequence Speech Recognition","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963306550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","mag":"2963306550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059500729","display_name":"Jaejin Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5672-6765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaejin Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001291873","display_name":"Shinji Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-8631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinji Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087554069","display_name":"Takaaki Hori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-8039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133125","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/033y26782","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takaaki Hori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064113992","display_name":"Murali Karthick Baskar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-6319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60587646","display_name":"Brno University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03613d656","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murali Karthick Baskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brno University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brno University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040282669","display_name":"Hirofumi Inaguma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-1251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirofumi Inaguma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kyoto University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyoto University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057010207","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Villalba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9459-8426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesus Villalba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050632169","display_name":"Najim Dehak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-5753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Najim Dehak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059500729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7001,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77797164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6191","last_page":"6195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7563517093658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6835052967071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6067492365837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5907971858978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5409672260284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5260940790176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48015516996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.460137277841568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-model","display_name":"Memory model","score":0.4435121715068817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","score":0.42687681317329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3749324083328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13542276620864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.09029221534729004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7563517093658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6835052967071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6067492365837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5907971858978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5409672260284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5260940790176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48015516996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.460137277841568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12186640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815743","display_name":"Memory model","level":3,"score":0.4435121715068817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195816","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42687681317329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3749324083328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13542276620864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.09029221534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133875982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764810","display_name":"Shared memory","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8683380","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6908809","https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W1494198834","https://openalex.org/W1586532344","https://openalex.org/W1600744878","https://openalex.org/W1828163288","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1915251500","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2099345940","https://openalex.org/W2102113734","https://openalex.org/W2127141656","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2147768505","https://openalex.org/W2327501763","https://openalex.org/W2586412610","https://openalex.org/W2627092829","https://openalex.org/W2766219058","https://openalex.org/W2787663903","https://openalex.org/W2888779557","https://openalex.org/W2894835365","https://openalex.org/W2962780374","https://openalex.org/W2962826786","https://openalex.org/W2963211739","https://openalex.org/W2963362078","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W6600284362","https://openalex.org/W6607333740","https://openalex.org/W6635078382","https://openalex.org/W6638749077","https://openalex.org/W6640059789","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6675365184","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6739366949","https://openalex.org/W6743477263","https://openalex.org/W6752739165","https://openalex.org/W6755235688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161474341","https://openalex.org/W4302615923","https://openalex.org/W1974101135","https://openalex.org/W3203142394","https://openalex.org/W2351061015","https://openalex.org/W2017509870","https://openalex.org/W4220731478","https://openalex.org/W2542937328","https://openalex.org/W4251141768","https://openalex.org/W2688713522"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,141,165],"this":[1,83],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"explore":[4],"several":[5,76],"new":[6],"schemes":[7],"to":[8,13,107,137,157,173,196],"train":[9],"a":[10,15,116,126,131,138],"seq2seq":[11,36,64],"model":[12,18,136,145,172,185],"integrate":[14],"pre-trained":[16],"language":[17],"(LM).":[19],"Our":[20],"proposed":[21,113],"fusion":[22,73,160],"methods":[23,74,114],"focus":[24],"on":[25,79,120,186],"the":[26,31,35,43,50,53,58,62,69,80,88,99,105,109,112,121,158,174,179,183,197],"memory":[27,40,44,59,84,91],"cell":[28,45,85,92],"state":[29,33,46],"and":[30,42,87,93,124],"hidden":[32,94],"in":[34,115,125,192],"decoder":[37],"long":[38],"short-term":[39],"(LSTM),":[41],"is":[47],"updated":[48],"by":[49,61,68,148,189],"LM":[51],"unlike":[52],"prior":[54],"studies.":[55],"This":[56],"means":[57],"retained":[60],"main":[63],"would":[65],"be":[66],"adjusted":[67],"external":[70],"LM.":[71],"These":[72],"have":[75],"variants":[77],"depending":[78],"architecture":[81],"of":[82,90,111],"update":[86],"use":[89],"states":[95],"which":[96],"directly":[97],"affects":[98],"final":[100],"label":[101],"inference.":[102],"We":[103],"performed":[104],"experiments":[106],"show":[108],"effectiveness":[110],"mono-lingual":[117],"ASR":[118,133],"setup":[119,129],"Librispeech":[122],"corpus":[123],"transfer":[127,166,199],"learning":[128,167],"from":[130,168],"multilingual":[132],"(MLASR)":[134],"base":[135,171],"low-resourced":[139],"language.":[140],"Librispeech,":[142],"our":[143],"best":[144,180],"improved":[146,182],"WER":[147,194],"3.7%,":[149],"2.4%":[150],"for":[151],"test":[152,154],"clean,":[153],"other":[155],"relatively":[156,195],"shallow":[159],"baseline,":[161],"with":[162],"multilevel":[163],"decoding.":[164],"an":[169],"MLASR":[170],"IARPA":[175],"Babel":[176],"Swahili":[177],"model,":[178],"scheme":[181],"transferred":[184],"eval":[187],"set":[188],"9.9%,":[190],"9.8%":[191],"CER,":[193],"2-stage":[198],"baseline.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}