{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2937971219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","title":"Score-specific Non-maximum Suppression and Coexistence Prior for Multi-scale Face Detection","display_name":"Score-specific Non-maximum Suppression and Coexistence Prior for Multi-scale Face Detection","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2937971219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","mag":"2937971219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Score-specific_Non-maximum_Suppression_and_Coexistence_Prior_for_Multi-scale_Face_Detection/10207940","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056170622","display_name":"Tianpeng Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianpeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040099999","display_name":"Dong Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-3449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076215029","display_name":"Jiaxing Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxing Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004783670","display_name":"Han Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-6672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023868028","display_name":"Bin Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-7556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112391977","display_name":"Shunrichi Kaneko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunrichi Kaneko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066119228","display_name":"Huiyu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1634-9840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiyu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1957","last_page":"1961"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8153478503227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7595404386520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.7295218110084534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6972683668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6810387372970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6075785756111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-class-detection","display_name":"Object-class detection","score":0.5550767779350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5458300113677979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.535266637802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5138795375823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4717096984386444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.44140374660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4221470355987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40844404697418213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8153478503227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7595404386520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.7295218110084534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6972683668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6810387372970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6075785756111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71681937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object-class detection","level":5,"score":0.5550767779350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5458300113677979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.535266637802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5138795375823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4717096984386444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.44140374660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4221470355987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40844404697418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682567","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10207940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Score-specific_Non-maximum_Suppression_and_Coexistence_Prior_for_Multi-scale_Face_Detection/10207940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402621","display_name":"INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/45496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8682567","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10207940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Score-specific_Non-maximum_Suppression_and_Coexistence_Prior_for_Multi-scale_Face_Detection/10207940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402621","display_name":"INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968245656","https://openalex.org/W2036167211","https://openalex.org/W2041497292","https://openalex.org/W2106962004","https://openalex.org/W2126096326","https://openalex.org/W2128554449","https://openalex.org/W2141364309","https://openalex.org/W2144506857","https://openalex.org/W2159564241","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2177640694","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2209882149","https://openalex.org/W2341528187","https://openalex.org/W2432917172","https://openalex.org/W2579152745","https://openalex.org/W2623177501","https://openalex.org/W2765226219","https://openalex.org/W2962849972","https://openalex.org/W2963402592","https://openalex.org/W2963566548","https://openalex.org/W2964121718","https://openalex.org/W3101998545","https://openalex.org/W6660695881","https://openalex.org/W6678588784","https://openalex.org/W6739208540","https://openalex.org/W6741916291"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181570714","https://openalex.org/W3033332270","https://openalex.org/W1581632702","https://openalex.org/W212313038","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W3211418293","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W4308999963","https://openalex.org/W4285815683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"detection":[1,80],"is":[2,23],"an":[3,25],"ultimate":[4],"component":[5],"to":[6,37,46,58,88],"support":[7],"various":[8],"visual":[9],"facial":[10],"related":[11],"tasks.":[12],"However,":[13],"detecting":[14],"faces":[15,69],"with":[16],"extremely":[17],"low":[18],"resolution":[19],"or":[20],"high":[21],"occlusion":[22],"still":[24],"open":[26],"problem.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"we":[31,52,63],"propose":[32,53],"a":[33,100,106],"two-step":[34],"general":[35],"approach":[36,87],"refine":[38],"the":[39,65,71,76,82,89],"performance":[40],"of":[41,78,94],"modern":[42],"face":[43,79,91],"detectors":[44],"according":[45],"human's":[47],"high-level":[48],"context-aware":[49],"ability.":[50],"First,":[51],"Score-specific":[54],"Non-Maximum":[55],"Suppression":[56],"(SNMS)":[57],"preserve":[59],"overlapped":[60],"faces.":[61],"Second,":[62],"consider":[64],"coexistence":[66],"prior":[67],"among":[68],"in":[70,81,111],"scene,":[72],"which":[73],"could":[74],"raise":[75],"sensitivity":[77],"crowd.":[83],"When":[84],"integrating":[85],"our":[86],"existing":[90],"detectors,":[92],"most":[93],"them":[95],"have":[96],"better":[97],"results":[98],"on":[99,120],"challenging":[101],"benchmark":[102],"(WIDER":[103],"FACE)":[104],"and":[105],"newly":[107],"proposed":[108],"dataset":[109],"(Faces":[110],"Crowd,":[112],"FIC)":[113],"made":[114],"by":[115],"us.":[116],"Codes":[117],"are":[118],"available":[119],"https://github.com/AIoTP/SNMSandCoexistence.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}