{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889654456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","title":"Geolocation of Unknown Emitters Using Tdoa of Path Rays Through the Ionosphere by Multiple Coordinated Distant Receivers","display_name":"Geolocation of Unknown Emitters Using Tdoa of Path Rays Through the Ionosphere by Multiple Coordinated Distant Receivers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889654456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","mag":"2889654456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427905","display_name":"Ting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-1844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027352045","display_name":"Xueli Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueli Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101566932","display_name":"Wen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-1548"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qindao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qindao, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105881332","display_name":"Anthony Man\u2013Cho So","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2588-7851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Man-Cho So","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Sys. Engg. & Engg. Mgmt., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Sys. Engg. & Engg. Mgmt., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026979852","display_name":"Kehu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-2713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kehu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISN Lab, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3509","last_page":"3513"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.9851288795471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.7806748747825623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6353660821914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.5028800368309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4835398197174072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.4566795229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2490716278553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23549827933311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21194195747375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13756468892097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.10661795735359192}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.9851288795471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.7806748747825623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6353660821914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.5028800368309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4835398197174072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.4566795229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2490716278553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23549827933311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21194195747375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13756468892097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.10661795735359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2018.8462106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111686915","https://openalex.org/W1979670919","https://openalex.org/W2069546019","https://openalex.org/W2101317465","https://openalex.org/W2134060757","https://openalex.org/W2146327423","https://openalex.org/W2168987504","https://openalex.org/W2317033297","https://openalex.org/W2335083313","https://openalex.org/W4254090244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163194970","https://openalex.org/W2380293945","https://openalex.org/W3105229732","https://openalex.org/W2799094075","https://openalex.org/W1500522817","https://openalex.org/W1974812937","https://openalex.org/W2099670352","https://openalex.org/W2800666448","https://openalex.org/W2167167730","https://openalex.org/W2803724764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,27,99],"consider":[1],"the":[2,9,16,20,29,32,38,43,59,62,73,77,83,87,92,95,107,110,113,116,123,133,137],"problem":[3],"of":[4,12,15,34,61,76,94,109,115],"unknown":[5],"emitter":[6],"geolocation":[7,30,84,111,134],"using":[8],"time":[10],"difference":[11],"arrival":[13],"(TDOA)":[14],"path":[17,64],"rays":[18],"through":[19],"ionosphere":[21,96,117],"by":[22],"multiple":[23],"coordinated":[24],"distant":[25],"receivers.":[26],"formulate":[28],"in":[31],"sense":[33],"maximum":[35],"likelihood":[36],"with":[37],"exact":[39],"ray":[40],"expressions":[41],"for":[42],"quasi-parabolic":[44],"(QP)":[45],"ionosphere,":[46],"which":[47],"is":[48,97,118,144],"a":[49,140],"highly":[50],"nonlinear":[51],"and":[52],"non-convex":[53],"optimization":[54],"problem.":[55],"By":[56],"carefully":[57],"studying":[58],"characteristic":[60],"group":[63],"ray,":[65],"we":[66],"propose":[67],"an":[68],"efficient":[69],"procedure":[70],"to":[71,105],"approach":[72],"optimal":[74],"solution":[75],"geolocation.":[78],"Simulation":[79,129],"results":[80,130],"show":[81,131],"that":[82,132],"error":[85],"approaches":[86],"associated":[88],"Cramer-Rao":[89],"bound":[90],"when":[91,112],"knowledge":[93,114],"available.":[98],"also":[100],"performed":[101],"Monte":[102],"Carlo":[103],"runs":[104],"evaluate":[106],"performance":[108,135],"not":[119],"exactly":[120],"known,":[121],"e.g.,":[122],"QP":[124],"model":[125],"parameters":[126],"are":[127],"perturbed.":[128],"under":[136],"perturbation":[138],"within":[139],"given":[141],"certain":[142],"range":[143],"acceptable.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}