{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969685872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","title":"A comparison of two optimization techniques for sequence discriminative training of deep neural networks","display_name":"A comparison of two optimization techniques for sequence discriminative training of deep neural networks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969685872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","mag":"1969685872"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079994647","display_name":"George Saon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6837-5009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Saon","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights , NY, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights , NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010878109","display_name":"Hagen Soltau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hagen Soltau","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights , NY, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights , NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5567","last_page":"5571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8200266361236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7813190817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.7543742656707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hessian-matrix","display_name":"Hessian matrix","score":0.6595621109008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-gradient-descent","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","score":0.6441522836685181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5459917187690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.5354986190795898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5246360898017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.461336225271225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.4398547410964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-algorithm","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","score":0.41566744446754456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4132979214191437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4044148921966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34871232509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33159157633781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.2863438129425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.11389759182929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10256767272949219}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8200266361236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7813190817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.7543742656707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203616005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620495","display_name":"Hessian matrix","level":2,"score":0.6595621109008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206688291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617819","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.6441522836685181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5459917187690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.5354986190795898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5246360898017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.461336225271225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.4398547410964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987595161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","level":2,"score":0.41566744446754456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4132979214191437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4044148921966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34871232509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33159157633781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2863438129425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.11389759182929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10256767272949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854668","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14913773","https://openalex.org/W196761320","https://openalex.org/W1428690211","https://openalex.org/W1877570817","https://openalex.org/W1932057668","https://openalex.org/W1987238397","https://openalex.org/W2015631279","https://openalex.org/W2058641082","https://openalex.org/W2079623482","https://openalex.org/W2097003869","https://openalex.org/W2102865215","https://openalex.org/W2114016253","https://openalex.org/W2125234026","https://openalex.org/W2131342762","https://openalex.org/W2150907703","https://openalex.org/W2160306971","https://openalex.org/W2403040875","https://openalex.org/W2403195671","https://openalex.org/W6600588093","https://openalex.org/W6608133726","https://openalex.org/W6628502992","https://openalex.org/W6640321102","https://openalex.org/W6679429981","https://openalex.org/W6682398751","https://openalex.org/W6712852463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355987247","https://openalex.org/W3177326532","https://openalex.org/W3143650729","https://openalex.org/W4297883503","https://openalex.org/W2042173174","https://openalex.org/W4206903459","https://openalex.org/W2754816816","https://openalex.org/W4366280654","https://openalex.org/W3160167280","https://openalex.org/W4362706668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"compare":[1],"two":[2,26],"optimization":[3],"methods":[4],"for":[5,75,89],"lattice-based":[6,77],"sequence":[7],"discriminative":[8],"training":[9,55],"of":[10,63],"neural":[11],"network":[12],"acoustic":[13],"models:":[14],"distributed":[15],"Hessian-free":[16],"(DHF)":[17],"and":[18,81],"stochastic":[19],"gradient":[20],"descent":[21],"(SGD).":[22],"Our":[23],"findings":[24],"on":[25,34,49],"different":[27],"LVCSR":[28],"tasks":[29],"suggest":[30],"that":[31,83],"SGD":[32],"running":[33,48],"a":[35,57,86],"single":[36],"GPU":[37],"machine":[38],"achieves":[39,56],"the":[40,61,64],"best":[41],"accuracy":[42,59],"2.5":[43],"times":[44],"faster":[45],"than":[46],"DHF":[47,54],"multiple":[50],"non-GPU":[51],"machines;":[52],"however,":[53],"higher":[58],"at":[60],"end":[62],"optimization.":[65],"In":[66],"addition,":[67],"we":[68],"present":[69],"an":[70],"improved":[71],"modified":[72],"forward-backward":[73],"algorithm":[74],"computing":[76],"expected":[78],"loss":[79],"functions":[80],"gradients":[82],"results":[84],"in":[85],"34%":[87],"speedup":[88],"SGD.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}