{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011804095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","title":"Evaluation of HMM-based visual laughter synthesis","display_name":"Evaluation of HMM-based visual laughter synthesis","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011804095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","mag":"2011804095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072839884","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin \u00c7akmak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1463-7606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130929987","display_name":"University of Mons","ror":"https://ror.org/02qnnz951","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huseyin Cakmak","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110616673","display_name":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me Urbain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130929987","display_name":"University of Mons","ror":"https://ror.org/02qnnz951","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerome Urbain","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080386972","display_name":"Jo\u00eblle Tilmanne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130929987","display_name":"University of Mons","ror":"https://ror.org/02qnnz951","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joelle Tilmanne","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042439255","display_name":"Thierry Dutoit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7024-2150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130929987","display_name":"University of Mons","ror":"https://ror.org/02qnnz951","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thierry Dutoit","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS lab, University of Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCTS Lab-University Of Mons, Mons, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130929987"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91313732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"4578","last_page":"4582"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laughter","display_name":"Laughter","score":0.9442384243011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.866486668586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7163823843002319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7031359672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avatar","display_name":"Avatar","score":0.6556859612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-visual","display_name":"Audio visual","score":0.6251109838485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5278627276420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrapolation","display_name":"Extrapolation","score":0.4427978992462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.4260265827178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/headphones","display_name":"Headphones","score":0.42108121514320374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.4184423089027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3652406632900238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.2452782690525055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.18891289830207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10329696536064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06597563624382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06185626983642578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170579","display_name":"Laughter","level":2,"score":0.9442384243011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.866486668586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7163823843002319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7031359672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777365542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83090","display_name":"Avatar","level":2,"score":0.6556859612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017588708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758901","display_name":"Audio visual","level":2,"score":0.6251109838485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5278627276420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132459708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744069","display_name":"Extrapolation","level":2,"score":0.4427978992462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.4260265827178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781258422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186819","display_name":"Headphones","level":2,"score":0.42108121514320374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.4184423089027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3652406632900238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2452782690525055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.18891289830207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10329696536064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06597563624382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06185626983642578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6854469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbi.umons.ac.be:20.500.12907/41624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orbi.umons.ac.be/handle/20.500.12907/41624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055454","display_name":"ORBi UMONS","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. Proceedings, 4578 - 4582 (2014-05-04)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6725010","https://openalex.org/W187812487","https://openalex.org/W1544894162","https://openalex.org/W1554803342","https://openalex.org/W1579271636","https://openalex.org/W1600722501","https://openalex.org/W1608978487","https://openalex.org/W1894105897","https://openalex.org/W2005639253","https://openalex.org/W2014336666","https://openalex.org/W2032693983","https://openalex.org/W2036112393","https://openalex.org/W2059658648","https://openalex.org/W2114570173","https://openalex.org/W2120654454","https://openalex.org/W2141477623","https://openalex.org/W2147885303","https://openalex.org/W2148694408","https://openalex.org/W2152205330","https://openalex.org/W2212122515","https://openalex.org/W2251375363","https://openalex.org/W2400063444","https://openalex.org/W2488678869","https://openalex.org/W3145074154","https://openalex.org/W4242469478","https://openalex.org/W6607629167","https://openalex.org/W6632751195","https://openalex.org/W6654074732","https://openalex.org/W6658720642","https://openalex.org/W6691922376","https://openalex.org/W6712610176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2760111529","https://openalex.org/W3081604601","https://openalex.org/W4304693785","https://openalex.org/W2103493245","https://openalex.org/W2391280397","https://openalex.org/W4238600753","https://openalex.org/W4298012685","https://openalex.org/W4385559915","https://openalex.org/W2174919855","https://openalex.org/W2063843262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2,43,84],"we":[3],"apply":[4],"speaker-dependent":[5],"training":[6],"of":[7,48],"Hidden":[8],"Markov":[9],"Models":[10],"(HMMs)":[11],"to":[12,34,71,75,90,92],"audio":[13,58,63,76],"and":[14,29,50,64],"visual":[15,46,65,93],"laughter":[16,37,49,77,94],"synthesis":[17,47,66,78,95],"separately.":[18],"The":[19,73],"two":[20],"modalities":[21],"are":[22,30],"synthesized":[23,57],"with":[24,56],"a":[25,39],"forced":[26],"durations":[27],"approach":[28],"then":[31],"combined":[32,55],"together":[33],"render":[35],"audio-visual":[36],"on":[38,45,62],"3D":[40],"avatar.":[41],"This":[42,83],"focuses":[44],"its":[51],"perceptive":[52],"evaluation":[53],"when":[54],"laughter.":[59],"Previous":[60],"work":[61],"has":[67,79],"been":[68,81],"successfully":[69],"applied":[70],"speech.":[72],"extrapolation":[74],"already":[80],"done.":[82],"shows":[85],"that":[86],"it":[87],"is":[88],"possible":[89],"extrapolate":[91],"as":[96],"well.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
