{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144411866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","title":"Generative modelling for unsupervised score calibration","display_name":"Generative modelling for unsupervised score calibration","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144411866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","mag":"2144411866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057092051","display_name":"Niko Br\u00fcmmer","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Niko Brummer","raw_affiliation_strings":["AGNITIO Research, Somerset West, South Africa","AGNITIO Res., Somerset West, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AGNITIO Research, Somerset West, South Africa","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AGNITIO Res., Somerset West, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000143881","display_name":"Daniel Garcia-Romero","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Garcia-Romero","raw_affiliation_strings":["HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","[HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057092051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4991,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94924948,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1680","last_page":"1684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.9049642086029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.8524553775787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7177058458328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7008650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.6418328881263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.6239883303642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5542506575584412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5025224685668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4568011462688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.42879974842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.31256628036499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.27944159507751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.24619799852371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.152876079082489}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.9049642086029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.8524553775787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7177058458328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7008650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.6418328881263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.6239883303642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5542506575584412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5025224685668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4568011462688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.42879974842071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.31256628036499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.27944159507751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.24619799852371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.152876079082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6853884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.768.6392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.768.6392","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.0707.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.943.4026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.943.4026","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mirlab.org/conference_papers/International_Conference/ICASSP%202014/papers/p1699-brummer.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134766468","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1526483131","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1784695092","https://openalex.org/W1969551552","https://openalex.org/W2006903949","https://openalex.org/W2023238506","https://openalex.org/W2101587318","https://openalex.org/W2168561756","https://openalex.org/W2170088868","https://openalex.org/W2395750323","https://openalex.org/W2807981689","https://openalex.org/W2921629193","https://openalex.org/W2962714336","https://openalex.org/W3140968660","https://openalex.org/W6605442522","https://openalex.org/W6642489822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2747684605","https://openalex.org/W2620593138","https://openalex.org/W1534961803","https://openalex.org/W2310403681","https://openalex.org/W2994891734","https://openalex.org/W3017062960","https://openalex.org/W2108501770","https://openalex.org/W4293428270","https://openalex.org/W2953390292","https://openalex.org/W4300859588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Score":[0],"calibration":[1,14,30,56],"enables":[2],"automatic":[3],"speaker":[4],"recognizers":[5],"to":[6,36],"make":[7],"cost-effective":[8],"accept":[9],"/":[10],"reject":[11],"decisions.":[12],"Traditional":[13],"requires":[15],"supervised":[16,38],"data,":[17],"which":[18],"is":[19,59],"an":[20],"expensive":[21],"resource.":[22],"We":[23],"propose":[24],"a":[25,37],"2-component":[26],"GMM":[27],"for":[28],"unsupervised":[29,55],"and":[31,43],"demonstrate":[32],"good":[33],"performance":[34],"relative":[35],"baseline":[39],"on":[40],"NIST":[41],"SRE'10":[42],"SRE'12.":[44],"A":[45],"Bayesian":[46],"analysis":[47],"demonstrates":[48],"that":[49],"the":[50,54],"uncertainty":[51],"associated":[52],"with":[53],"parameter":[57],"estimates":[58],"surprisingly":[60],"small.":[61]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}