{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114566964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","title":"Distributed discriminative language models for Google voice-search","display_name":"Distributed discriminative language models for Google voice-search","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114566964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","mag":"2114566964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036738038","display_name":"Preethi Jyothi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preethi Jyothi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio State University, USA","The Ohio State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111421004","display_name":"Leif Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leif Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, USA","The University of Texas at Austin,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Austin,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068010225","display_name":"Ciprian Chelba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ciprian Chelba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., USA","Google, Inc, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001487094","display_name":"Brian Strope","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Strope","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., USA","Google, Inc, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5017","last_page":"5020"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8853981494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8521406650543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.7026976346969604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6231822371482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5728623270988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5171893835067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.4980337619781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4943561553955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.49017009139060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.44022059440612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39710545539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3705616593360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33087795972824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.24650290608406067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8853981494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8521406650543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.7026976346969604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6231822371482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5728623270988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5171893835067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.4980337619781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4943561553955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.49017009139060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.44022059440612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39710545539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3705616593360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33087795972824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.24650290608406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6289047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.308.667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.308.667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://static.googleusercontent.com/external_content/untrusted_dlcp/research.google.com/en/us/pubs/archive/37682.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.353.4208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.353.4208","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mirlab.org/conference_papers/International_Conference/ICASSP 2012/pdfs/0005017.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168280322","https://openalex.org/W1495239264","https://openalex.org/W1981420413","https://openalex.org/W2008652694","https://openalex.org/W2093478938","https://openalex.org/W2109664771","https://openalex.org/W2117444496","https://openalex.org/W2128661689","https://openalex.org/W2138302120","https://openalex.org/W2144839971","https://openalex.org/W2158148237","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2311729496","https://openalex.org/W2406451296","https://openalex.org/W6606774702","https://openalex.org/W6676373471","https://openalex.org/W6678797682","https://openalex.org/W6680748266","https://openalex.org/W6698703632","https://openalex.org/W6713521594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113687551","https://openalex.org/W2112752961","https://openalex.org/W3172695526","https://openalex.org/W2078751618","https://openalex.org/W2786391746","https://openalex.org/W4287644835","https://openalex.org/W3092281475","https://openalex.org/W2252237932","https://openalex.org/W3098003361","https://openalex.org/W4381430104"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,23],"paper":[1],"considers":[2],"large-scale":[3],"linear":[4],"discriminative":[5],"language":[6],"models":[7],"trained":[8],"using":[9,19],"a":[10,20,43,56,88],"distributed":[11],"perceptron":[12],"algorithm.":[13],"The":[14],"algorithm":[15],"is":[16],"implemented":[17],"efficiently":[18],"MapReduce/SSTable":[21],"framework.":[22],"work":[24],"also":[25],"introduces":[26],"the":[27,52,61,66,70],"use":[28],"of":[29,32,87],"large":[30],"amounts":[31],"unsupervised":[33,67],"data":[34,54,92],"(confidence":[35],"filtered":[36],"Google":[37,90],"voice-search":[38,91],"logs)":[39],"in":[40,80],"conjunction":[41],"with":[42,55],"novel":[44],"training":[45],"procedure":[46],"that":[47],"regenerates":[48],"word":[49],"lattices":[50],"for":[51,69],"given":[53],"weaker":[57],"acoustic":[58],"model":[59],"than":[60],"one":[62],"used":[63],"to":[64],"generate":[65],"transcriptions":[68],"logged":[71],"data.":[72],"We":[73],"observe":[74],"small":[75],"but":[76],"statistically":[77],"significant":[78],"improvements":[79],"recognition":[81],"performance":[82],"after":[83],"reranking":[84],"N-best":[85],"lists":[86],"standard":[89],"set.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
